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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Measurement of Polarizability of CesiumnD State in Magneto-Optical Trap

Jianming Zhao, Hao Zhang, Zhigang Feng, Xingbo Zhu, Linjie Zhang, Changyong Li, Suotang Jia

Published Mar 10, 2011• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The Stark spectrum of cesium n D ( n = 39–50) Rydberg atoms are obtained by a state-selective field ionization method in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). The Stark shifts of Rydberg atoms are measured experimentally, the scalar and tensor polarizabilities of Rydberg atoms are obtained by fitting the experimental data, and the results are found to be in agreement with the existing theoretical calculations.

DOI
10.1143/jpsj.80.034303

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The Stark spectrum of cesium n D ( n = 39–50) Rydberg atoms are obtained by a state-selective field ionization method in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). The Stark shifts of Rydberg atoms are measured experimentally, the scalar and tensor polarizabilities of Rydberg atoms are obtained by fitting the experimental data, and the results are found to be in agreement with the existing theoretical calculations.
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In this paper, we investigate the Stark effect of ultra-cold 39D cesium Rydberg atoms in low-field. The Stark structure of 39D Rydberg states is calculated numerically. The cold cesium atoms are excited to Rydberg states via two-step process and the Stark spectra are obtained by field-ionization method. The scalar and tenson polarizabilities of 39D cesium Rydberg atoms are measured to be α5/22=62(7) MHz·V-2cm2，α5/20=－146(13) MHz·V-2cm2, α3/22=73(6) MHz·V-2cm2，α3/20=－106(20) MHz·V-2cm2 respectively. The experimental values are in agreement with the theoretical results.
We demonstrate the single-photon Rydberg excitation of cesium atoms in a magneto-optical trap (MOT). We excite atoms directly from 6S1/2ground state to nP3/2(n = 70-100) Rydberg state with a narrow-linewidth 319-nm ultra-violet laser. The detection of Rydberg states is performed by monitoring the reduction of fluorescence signal of the MOT as partial population on 6S1/2(F = 4) ground state are transferred to Rydberg state. We clearly observe Autler-Townes doublet in the trap-loss spectra due to the cooling lights. Utilizing the large electric polarizibility of Rydberg atoms, we observe Stark splitting in the Autler-Townes doublet induced by background DC electric fields. We investigate the dependence of Stark shift on electric fields by theoretical analysis, and then infer the DC electric field from the measured Stark splitting. We find that there is a 44.8(4) mV/cm DC electric field in the vicinity of the cold ensemble. It indicates that high-lying Rydberg atoms can be used as sensors for DC electric fields.
The collisional loss rates of 63S1/2{S}_{1/2}S1/2​ Rydberg atoms in cesium magneto-optical trap are measured by using the state-selective pulse field ionization technique and used to investigate the interaction between Rydberg atoms. The collisional loss rate coefficients due to collisions with Rydberg atoms and ground-state atoms are obtained by fitting the experimental data. The results indicate that the large collisional loss mainly comes from the strong long-range interaction between ultracold Rydberg atoms, and the loss rate is significantly increased under a weak electric field.