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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Generation of higher-order squeezing in a micromaser

Fuli Li, D. L. Lin

Published Aug 28, 1997• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The fourth-order squeezing and amplitude-squared squeezing of cotangent states produced in one-atom micromasers are investigated. It is found that optimal squeezing in the cotangent state can be achieved by properly choosing the relative amplitudes of the atomic coherent state. From our study of the dynamic process of the generation of steady-state fourth-order squeezing and amplitude-squared squeezing in one-atom micromasers, it is also shown that for sufficiently large atomic flux, the cavity loss, and finite temperature in the cavity have very little influence on the generation of these higher-order squeezings in practice.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/30/16/010

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Effect of finite atomic lifetimes on the generation of nonclassical states in micromasers

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We study the effect of finite atomic lifetimes on a micromaser from temporal evolution. A stream of finite-lifetime two-level atoms is injected inside a cavity in a coherent superposition of their upper and lower levels. We study the effect of the atomic decay on the generation of quasipure states of the inner electromagnetic field. First, we study the stationary photon number distribution when the atoms are injected in their upper level. We compare our results with previous calculations by Zhu, Wang, and Fearn [Phys. Rev. A 44, 737 (1991)]. We find that quasinumber states can be generated for a long time, in a range of physical parameters that allows their experimental realization. Second, we investigate the effect of finite atomic lifetimes on the generation of cotangent states, and we study their squeezing properties.

Physical Review A•Jan 1, 1993•5 citations
The fourth-order squeezing and amplitude-squared squeezing of cotangent states produced in one-atom micromasers are investigated. It is found that optimal squeezing in the cotangent state can be achieved by properly choosing the relative amplitudes of the atomic coherent state. From our study of the dynamic process of the generation of steady-state fourth-order squeezing and amplitude-squared squeezing in one-atom micromasers, it is also shown that for sufficiently large atomic flux, the cavity loss, and finite temperature in the cavity have very little influence on the generation of these higher-order squeezings in practice.
The generation of the steady state fourth-order squeezing and squared amplitude squeezing in a micromaser by the coherent trapping approach is investigated. The results show that if two-level atoms injected into the cavity are initially in coherent state and the flight time of the atoms inside the cavity satisfies the trapping condition, the field can evolve into a coherent trapping state which exhibits steady state fourth-order squeezing and squared amplitude squeezing in the cavity as long as the flux of the atoms is moderately large.
In our preceding serial works, we have investigated the generation of higher-order atomic dipole squeezing (HOADS) in a high-Q micromaser cavity, discussing the effects of dynamic Stark shift, atomic damping, atomic coherence and nonlinear one-photon processes and different initial states (for example, correlated and uncorrelated states, superposition states, squeezed vacuum). In this paper, we continue to study HOADS in a high-Q micromaser cavity, but consider that the atom interacts with the optical field via a multi-photon transition process and that the initial atom is arbitrarily prepared. For a vacuum initial field, we demonstrate that HOADS cannot occur if the atom is initially prepared in a chaotic state and that a coherent atomic state generates less efficient and stable HOADS than an arbitrary one. It is found that large detuning may lead to enhanced and strong HOADS.
I consider a lossless micromaser with cascade three-level atoms in a coherent superposition of its three levels. I find that for some values of the atomic flight time and some probability amplitudes for the intermediate atomic level, the field evolves to a pure state which is the well-known general squeezed state, and the squeeze and displacement parameters are functions of the atomic input parameters. Therefore it is possible to choose atomic parameters which produce squeezing in the phase or in the amplitude of the field inside the cavity.
We have studied the effect of pump phase fluctuations on steady-state squeezing in a one-photon micromaser for the case of both high- and low (finite)- Q cavities. Our system involves the preparation of a gain medium (atoms) in a partial coherent superposition of states, due to the finite linewidth of the pump field, before injecting them into the microwave cavity. We have found that even in the presence of a finite value of pump phase fluctuations we obtain 40% squeezing for high Q , which reduces to 25% for finite Q . In the absence of pump phase fluctuations we obtain 55% squeezing, in agreement with the previous work.
We study the effect of finite atomic lifetimes on a micromaser from temporal evolution. A stream of finite-lifetime two-level atoms is injected inside a cavity in a coherent superposition of their upper and lower levels. We study the effect of the atomic decay on the generation of quasipure states of the inner electromagnetic field. First, we study the stationary photon number distribution when the atoms are injected in their upper level. We compare our results with previous calculations by Zhu, Wang, and Fearn [Phys. Rev. A 44, 737 (1991)]. We find that quasinumber states can be generated for a long time, in a range of physical parameters that allows their experimental realization. Second, we investigate the effect of finite atomic lifetimes on the generation of cotangent states, and we study their squeezing properties.