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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Deflection of a Velocity Compressed Yb Atomic Beam by a Multi-Mode Spectral Laser

Masayoshi Watanabe, R. Ohmukai, U. Tanaka, Kazuhiro Hayasaka, Hidetsuka Imajo, Shinji Urabe

Published Dec 1, 1997• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have generated a continuous, monovelocity Yb atomic beam based on a technique combining velocity compression and beam deflection. Two single-mode lasers were used to compress the thermally broadened velocity distribution, and a multi-mode spectrum of a mode-locked laser was used to extract the compressed part as a deflected beam. The observed deflection angles were compared with the calculations. Deflection angles up to 12° were obtained.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.36.7189

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We have generated a continuous, monovelocity Yb atomic beam based on a technique combining velocity compression and beam deflection. Two single-mode lasers were used to compress the thermally broadened velocity distribution, and a multi-mode spectrum of a mode-locked laser was used to extract the compressed part as a deflected beam. The observed deflection angles were compared with the calculations. Deflection angles up to 12° were obtained.
The thermal velocity distribution of a calcium atomic beam was compressed into a narrow velocity distribution with selectable velocities. Subsequently these slow atoms were deflected by an angle of 30° by a one-dimensional optical molasses. In the deflected beam we obtained an estimated flux of several 1010 atoms/s at mean longitudinal velocities near 35 m/s and a velocity width of approximately 13 m/s. The transverse velocities of the deflected atoms were close to the one-dimensional Doppler limit. We have observed saturated absorption signals in the deflected laser-cooled beam. The reduced transit time broadening allowed us to resolve the recoil splitting in saturated absorption.
An atomic beam has been collimated, compressed, and deflected simultaneously by an atomic beam guide based on an tilted one-dimensional magneto-optical trap. Isotope-selected rubidium atoms were extracted from the naturally-mixed thermal atomic beam. We could extract more than 50% of the incident atoms as a deflection beam when we combined this deflection technique with the atomic deceleration using a broadband spectral light. We could manipulate the transverse displacement of the deflected beam precisely by modifying the quadrupole magnetic field. We also observed the well-collimated atomic beam to be channeled into the dipole force potential valleys formed by the standing wave light field.
A sodium atomic beam has been decelerated and laser cooled to a longitudinal beam temperature of less than 30 mK. Subsequently these slow atoms with a typical velocity of 100 m/sec were selectively deflected by laser-light forces. The deflection angle was typically 30°. The deflection scheme permits a stabilization of the transverse velocities in the deflected atomic beam down to the quantum-limit temperature for one dimension (0.7 × 240 μK). The experimentally achieved temperatures are of the order of 1 mK.
A simple control method for the velocity distribution of cesium atoms is demonstrated using a frequency modulated diode laser with a wider spectrum. Current to the diode laser was modulated and the laser spectrum was broadened to overlap the Doppler broadening of the atomic beam. The reduction of the atom velocity was achieved on the basis of the laser cooling technique and a single narrow peak at approximately 45 m/s was observed. From a view point of a novel purification process, the possibility to deflect this cooled cesium atomic beam was discussed to spatially separate the beam from impurities.