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Physical Review A

Dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a horizontally vibrating shallow optical lattice

Alireza Valizadeh, Kh. Jahanbani, M. R. Kolahchi

Published Feb 18, 2010• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider a solitonic solution of the self-attractive Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional external potential of a shallow optical lattice with large periodicity when the lattice is horizontally shaken. We investigate the dynamics of the bright soliton through the properties of the fixed points. The special type of bifurcation results in a simple criterion for the stability of the fixed points depending only on the amplitude of the shaking lattice. Because of the similarity of the equations with those of an ac-driven Josephson junction, some results may find applications in other branches of physics.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.81.023616

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We consider a solitonic solution of the self-attractive Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional external potential of a shallow optical lattice with large periodicity when the lattice is horizontally shaken. We investigate the dynamics of the bright soliton through the properties of the fixed points. The special type of bifurcation results in a simple criterion for the stability of the fixed points depending only on the amplitude of the shaking lattice. Because of the similarity of the equations with those of an ac-driven Josephson junction, some results may find applications in other branches of physics.
We consider a Bose-Einstein condensate, described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, in a horizontally vibrating shallow optical lattice. We study the dynamics of a bright soliton using the collective coordinate approximation. We show that depending on the parameters, amplitude, and frequency of the vibration of the lattice, the phase space of the equation of motion for the soliton center of mass shows multistability. In the frequency locked regions, in which the soliton has a nonzero average velocity determined by the external frequency, the motion is quasiperiodic, and between the locked regions the soliton moves chaotically.
An extended variation approach to describing the dynamic evolution of self-attractive Bose-Einstein condensates is developed.We consider bright matter-wave solitons in the presence of a parabolic magnetic potential and a timespace periodic optical lattice.The dynamics of condensates is shown to be well approximated by four coupled nonlinear differential equations.A noteworthy feature is that the extended variation approach gives a critical strength ratio to support multiple stable lattice sites for the condensate.We further examine the existence of the solitons and their stabilities at the multiple stable lattice sites.In this case,the analytical predictions of Bose-Einstein condensates variational dynamics are found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations.We then find a stable region for successful manipulating matter-wave solitons without collapse,which are dragged from an initial stationary to a prescribed position by a moving periodic optical lattice.
An extended variation approach to describing the dynamic evolution of self-attractive Bose—Einstein condensates is developed. We consider bright matter-wave solitons in the presence of a parabolic magnetic potential and a time-space periodic optical lattice. The dynamics of condensates is shown to be well approximated by four coupled nonlinear differential equations. A noteworthy feature is that the extended variation approach gives a critical strength ratio to support multiple stable lattice sites for the condensate. We further examine the existence of the solitons and their stabilities at the multiple stable lattice sites. In this case, the analytical predictions of Bose—Einstein condensates variational dynamics are found to be in good agreement with numerical simulations. We then find a stable region for successful manipulating matter-wave solitons without collapse, which are dragged from an initial stationary to a prescribed position by a moving periodic optical lattice.
We study Bose-Einstein condensates trapped in periodically shaken shallow optical lattices, and demonstrate the existence of subdiffractive solitons, analogous to those encountered in periodically blinking lattices [K. Staliunas, R. Herrero, and G. J. de Valcarcel, Phys. Rev. E 73, 065603(R) (2006)]. We also show that solitons in periodically shaken optical lattices radiate weakly into the near-to-resonance modes. For typical experimental conditions, however, the soliton lifetime turns out to be much longer than the typical lifetime of the condensate, therefore the subdiffractive solitons are expected to be observable in periodically shaken shallow optical lattices.
We study the formation of a dynamically-stabilized dissipation-managed bright soliton in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate by including an imaginary three-body recombination loss term and an imaginary linear feeding one in the Gross–Pitaevskii equation, trapped in a shallow optical-lattice potential. Based on the direct approach of perturbation theory for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we demonstrate that the height (as well as width) of bright soliton may have little change through selecting experimental parameters.
The properties of the localized states of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a nonlinear periodic potential (nonlinear optical lattice) are investigated. We discuss the existence of different types of solitons and study their stability by means of analytical and numerical approaches. The symmetry properties of the localized states with respect to nonlinear optical lattices are also investigated. We show that nonlinear optical lattices allow the existence of bright soliton modes with equal symmetry in both components and bright localized modes of mixed symmetry type, as well as dark-bright bound states and bright modes on periodic backgrounds. In spite of the quasi-one-dimensional nature of the problem, the fundamental symmetric localized modes undergo a delocalizing transition when the strength of the nonlinear optical lattice is varied. This transition is associated with the existence of an unstable solution, which exhibits a shrinking (decaying) behavior for slightly overcritical (undercritical) variations in the number of atoms.