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Physical Review Letters

Observation of Different Lifetimes for Atomic States Excited with Linearly and Circularly Polarized Light

W. Happer, E. B. Saloman

Published Sep 6, 1965• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Lifetimes of orientation and alignment of excited atomic states examined in level crossing and optical double resonance experiments employing polarized light
DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.15.441

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We discuss experimental and theoretical studies of coherent excitation of magnetic sublevels in nD states of cesium that cross in an external electric field. Crossings of mF magnetic sublevels of hyperfine F levels with &Dgr;mF = ±2 lead to resonances in the linearly polarized laser induced fluorescence, while crossings with &Dgr;mF = ±1 lead to resonances in the circularly polarized laser induced fluorescence. These resonances can be exploited to observe alignment to orientation conversion. From the level crossing signals it is possible to measure atomic properties, such as the tensor polarizability &agr;2 and the hyperfine constant A. Alignment to orientation conversion involves the deformation of the spatial distribution of an atom's angular momentum.
Hanle effect studies using circularly polarized laser beam and linearly polarized laser beam were carried out. Lifetimes, orientation and alignment destruction cross sections were measured for the 5 d 33 , 6 p 22 and 6 p 01 excited levels of xenon. The observed ratio of orientational cross section to alignment cross section for Xe–Xe scattering was 1.1±0.4 for the 5 d 33 level, and 0.55±0.2 for the 6 p 22 level. The ratio for Xe–He scattering was 0.8±0.2 for the 5 d 33 level and 0.6±0.2 for the 6 p 22 level. They are compared with those calculated by Wang and Tomlinson. The observed radiative lifetime was 520±30 ns for the 5 d 33 level, 35±2 ns for the 6 p 22 level and 37±4 ns for the 6 p 01 level. The decay rate of the 5 d 33 level observed in the coherence transfer with spontaneous emission is consistent with the width of the Mania signal.