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Physical Review A

Polarized Stimulated Raman Scattering and Four-Wave Coupling in Potassium

Shlomo Barak, Shaul Yatsiv

Published Jan 1, 1971• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Stimulated Raman scattering of linearly polarized light from degenerate and selectively populated atomic sublevels of potassium have been observed. The scattered radiation has a polarization perpendicular to that of the incident beam. Such transition can take place between substates of different or of the same atomic level. In the latter case, the frequencies of the incident and scattered beams are equal and the polarizations are perpendicular. The induced transitions are associated with parametric four-wave coupling possessing also characteristic polarization properties.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.3.382

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•Jan 1, 1988•1 citation
Stimulated Raman scattering of linearly polarized light from degenerate and selectively populated atomic sublevels of potassium have been observed. The scattered radiation has a polarization perpendicular to that of the incident beam. Such transition can take place between substates of different or of the same atomic level. In the latter case, the frequencies of the incident and scattered beams are equal and the polarizations are perpendicular. The induced transitions are associated with parametric four-wave coupling possessing also characteristic polarization properties.
Stimulated and enhanced two-photon emissions from excited states in potassium have been observed. This emission is primed by stimulated electronic Raman radiation generated by scattering of a giant pulse ruby radiation. Four-photon parametric processes also take place. The two processes can be distinguished by tuning the laser frequency. Most of the emitted radiations are plane-polarized. A pumping model is proposed explaining the required population inversions and the polarization properties of the radiations.
There is an interest in consideration of the propagation of the Gaussian monochromatic light beams through a cell filled with the medium of two-level atoms (in our case, the atomic potassium vapor), which has (at small detuning from resonant transition to low or high frequencies) the refractive index other than unity (n > 1 for v < v01 and n < 1 for v > v01, where v is the light frequency and v01 is the resonant-transition frequency). In this case, the properties of the radiation passed through the cell are changed. In the very close proximity of the resonance, the nonlinear processes (the three-photon electronic stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and the six-photon parametric scattering (SPS)) play a crucial role. It is precisely these processes in the two-level medium that determine the irreversibly transformed spectral and angular structure of the light beams at the output of the cell.
An enhanced two-photon emission has been observed between the 6S and the 4S levels of potassium. The priming field is the stimulated electronic Raman emission at 2720 cm-1due to scattering of ruby laser radiation from the4P_{3/2}state in potassium. The intense emission at the complementary frequency ω2is close to the 5P → 4S resonance lines. As a result, the coupling coefficient has a resonance character that is favorable for the enhancement. The observed results are compared with a simple analysis. The relation of the enhanced emission with two-quantum absorption, stimulated Raman effect, and parametric four-photon processes is discussed.
We develop a theory that describes the interaction of radiation and multilevel particles on the basis of the classical description of the orientation of angular momentum. For examples of application of this theory we take the problems of stimulated Raman scattering and of parametric generation of light in four-wave mixing. We find that the efficiency of the radiation processes largely depends on the polarization of the pump waves and on the types of optical transitions (Δ J ) and to a much lesser extent on the value of the angular momentum J . We also explain some polarization phenomena observed in experiments on four-wave mixing.
An experimental investigation was made of the resonant stimulated electronic Raman scattering near the principal doublet of potassium. A study was made of the dispersion, interaction of two- and three-photon scattering, and influence of four-photon processes. Possible mechanisms of the population of the 4 2 P 1/2 and 4 2 P 3/2 potassium levels were considered. The possibility of phase-matched four-photon parametric interactions in the investigated part of the spectrum was confirmed theoretically.