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IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Induced versus parametric scattering processes in potassium

S. Barak, Mehran Naghizadeh rokni, Shaul Yatsiv

Published Sep 1, 1969• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Stimulated and enhanced two-photon emissions from excited states in potassium have been observed. This emission is primed by stimulated electronic Raman radiation generated by scattering of a giant pulse ruby radiation. Four-photon parametric processes also take place. The two processes can be distinguished by tuning the laser frequency. Most of the emitted radiations are plane-polarized. A pumping model is proposed explaining the required population inversions and the polarization properties of the radiations.

DOI
10.1109/jqe.1969.1076301

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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•May 2, 2003•15 citations
Stimulated and enhanced two-photon emissions from excited states in potassium have been observed. This emission is primed by stimulated electronic Raman radiation generated by scattering of a giant pulse ruby radiation. Four-photon parametric processes also take place. The two processes can be distinguished by tuning the laser frequency. Most of the emitted radiations are plane-polarized. A pumping model is proposed explaining the required population inversions and the polarization properties of the radiations.
Stimulated Raman scattering of linearly polarized light from degenerate and selectively populated atomic sublevels of potassium have been observed. The scattered radiation has a polarization perpendicular to that of the incident beam. Such transition can take place between substates of different or of the same atomic level. In the latter case, the frequencies of the incident and scattered beams are equal and the polarizations are perpendicular. The induced transitions are associated with parametric four-wave coupling possessing also characteristic polarization properties.
An enhanced two-photon emission has been observed between the 6S and the 4S levels of potassium. The priming field is the stimulated electronic Raman emission at 2720 cm-1due to scattering of ruby laser radiation from the4P_{3/2}state in potassium. The intense emission at the complementary frequency ω2is close to the 5P → 4S resonance lines. As a result, the coupling coefficient has a resonance character that is favorable for the enhancement. The observed results are compared with a simple analysis. The relation of the enhanced emission with two-quantum absorption, stimulated Raman effect, and parametric four-photon processes is discussed.
Strong stimulated cascade emission and coherent four-wave parametric radiations are observed. By proper observation of the excitation spectra, the cascade emission and the coherent four-wave mixing parametric processes can be identified. The effect of the buffer gas pressure on the intensity and the pulse compression of the emitted radiation were investigated. Cascade inversionless coherent radiation emission with absorption reduction and third order nonlinear susceptibility enhancement due to the presence of a strong internally generated field are discussed for the 4p–4s strong emission observed.
The two‐photon excitation of 4S1/2–7S1/2 transition of potassium atoms is studied. Several coherent emissions and processes are possible, such as parametric four‐wave (PFWM), parametric six‐wave (PSWM) mixing and competition with the stimulated hyper Raman (SHRS) and the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). The radiations at the transitions 6P3/2,1/2−4S1/2, 6S1/2−4P3/2,1/2 and 5P3/2,1/2−4S1/2 are emitted only in the forward direction (indicating a parametric process), while the radiation at the transition 4P3/2,1/2−4S1/2 is emitted in the forward and in the backward direction, indicating an ASE process.
The interaction of a laser with potassium atoms is investigated by monitoring the radiation of the 5P-4S transition under the two-photon 4S(1/2)-6S(1/2) excitation. For low number density and laser intensity the observed radiation is parametric axial or conical, depending on the laser detuning from the two-photon resonance, the number density and the laser intensity. With increasing laser intensities and number densities, an additional delayed component is observed corresponding to a two-step four-wave mixing with the participation of internally generated photons. A two-photon quantum interference effect is observed for the total (axial and conical) parametric four-wave mixing emission. A deviation from the proposed model under certain experimental parameters is attributed to a two-step four-wave mixing and the phase mismatch of the parametric processes.