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Advances in intelligent systems research/Advances in Intelligent Systems Research

Unconditionally secure cryptosystem based on quantum cryptography

Yu‐Fang Chung, Zhen Yu Wu, Feipei Lai, Tzer‐Shyong Chen

Published Jan 1, 2006• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Most cryptographic works these days have employed mathematical concepts to design cryptosystems and algorithms.Therefore, mathematical concepts have become critical in the designing of cryptosystems, and are generally used to analyze cryptosystems and protocols, supporting the allegation that the intended cryptosystem is secure.In earlier cryptosystems, most algorithms were based on either factorization or discrete logarithm problem.This system has an overtly simple mathematical background and so, requires extensive secondary index computation.Therefore, a securer method must be developed to protect system security and to optimize system efficiency.Quantum cryptography detects intrusion and wiretapping.In quantum mechanics, a wiretap is not external or passive, but the opposite-changing its entity according to the internal component of the system.The status of the system changes once a wiretap is detected.Therefore, only the designer of the system can determine the quantum status of the system; eavesdroppers can neither determine the quantum status nor duplicate the system.Since quantum cryptosystem can reach unconditional security, it actually guarantees secure communication.Accordingly, this study examines quantum cryptography and contributes to secure quantum cryptography.

DOI
10.2991/jcis.2006.236

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Most cryptographic works these days have employed mathematical concepts to design cryptosystems and algorithms.Therefore, mathematical concepts have become critical in the designing of cryptosystems, and are generally used to analyze cryptosystems and protocols, supporting the allegation that the intended cryptosystem is secure.In earlier cryptosystems, most algorithms were based on either factorization or discrete logarithm problem.This system has an overtly simple mathematical background and so, requires extensive secondary index computation.Therefore, a securer method must be developed to protect system security and to optimize system efficiency.Quantum cryptography detects intrusion and wiretapping.In quantum mechanics, a wiretap is not external or passive, but the opposite-changing its entity according to the internal component of the system.The status of the system changes once a wiretap is detected.Therefore, only the designer of the system can determine the quantum status of the system; eavesdroppers can neither determine the quantum status nor duplicate the system.Since quantum cryptosystem can reach unconditional security, it actually guarantees secure communication.Accordingly, this study examines quantum cryptography and contributes to secure quantum cryptography.
Most cryptographic work these days have employed mathematical concept to design cryptosystem and algorithm. Therefore mathematical concept has become critical in designing of cryptosystem and generally used to analyze cryptosystem, most algorithm were based on either factorization or discrete algorithm problem. The system has an overtly simple mathematical background and so requires extensive secondary index computation. Therefore a securer method must be developed to protect system security and to optimize system efficiency. Quantum cryptography detects intrusion and wire trapping. In quantum mechanics a wire trap is not external or passive; but the opposite changing its entity according to the intend component of the system. The system changes once a wire trap is detected.
In the era of information technology the need for secure communication has become increasingly important. Cryptography is a technology for creating the core of information security we use cryptography for making data secure which is the science of information protection from unauthorized interception and tempering. Most modern cryptographic studies design cryptosystems and algorithms using mathematical concepts which are based either on factorization or on discrete logarithm problem. In recent years quantum information research has lead to the discovery of a number of remarkable new paradigms for information processing and communication. These developments include quantum cryptography schemes that offer unconditionally secure information transport guaranteed by quantum-mechanical laws, which provide protection of system security, and optimization of system efficiency and detects intrusion and wiretap. Today quantum cryptography is used in various application for transferring secure data without the fear of keys being compromised. This paper reviews the various areas where quantum  cryptography is successfully implemented, its advantages disadvantages & technical issues.
Quantum cryptography aims at solving the everlasting problem of unconditional security in private communication. Every time we send personal information over a telecom channel a sophisticate algorithm protect our privacy making our data unintelligible to unauthorized receivers. These protocols resulted from the long history of cryptography. The security of modern cryptographic systems is guaranteed by complexity: the computational power that would be needed for gaining info on the code key largely exceed available one. Security of actual crypto systems is not “by principle” but “practical”. On the contrary, quantum technology promises to make possible to realize provably secure protocols. Quantum cryptology exploits paradigmatic aspects of quantum mechanics, like superposition principle and uncertainty relations. In this contribution, after a brief historical introduction, we aim at giving a survey on the physical principles underlying the quantum approach to cryptography. Then, we analyze a possible continuous variable protocol.
Cryptography, the practice of concealing messages for private exchange, has evolved significantly to address the challenges posed by new communication methods. In today`s digital world, cryptography has become the cornerstone of cybersecurity, using advanced mathematics like number theory and computational complexity to protect digital information through algorithms. The upcoming arrival of quantum computers poses a serious threat to traditional cryptographic methods, especially those based on asymmetric key cryptography. Quantum Safe Cryptography (QSC) represents the next step in information security, designed to develop cryptographic systems that can withstand attacks from both quantum and classical computers. As quantum computing moves from theory to reality, it`s becoming clear that current cryptographic methods based on integer factorization and discrete logarithm problems are vulnerable to quantum algorithms like Shor`s algorithm. This study highlights the security risks that quantum computing poses to existing encryption methods and proposes a comprehensive approach to quantum-safe cryptography. The transition to quantum-resistant algorithms involves replacing vulnerable cryptographic systems with alternatives that can resist quantum computational attacks. Current analysis shows that while asymmetric key cryptography faces immediate vulnerability, symmetric key algorithms and hash functions remain relatively secure in the near term with appropriate adjustments. Quantum cryptography, which directly uses quantum mechanical principles, offers highly secure encryption mechanisms, notably Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). This research aims to enhance the security of digital infrastructure against quantum threats by evaluating hybrid cryptographic implementations that combine classical and quantum-resistant approaches for optimal security.
In recent years Quantum Cryptography gets more attention as well as becomes most promising cryptographic field for faster, effective and more secure communications. Quantum Cryptography is an art of science which overlap quantum properties of light under quantum mechanics on cryptographic task instead of current state of algorithms based on mathematical computing technology. Major algorithms for public key encryption and some digital signature scheme such as RSA, El Gamal cryptosystem, hash function are vulnerable at quantum adversaries. Most of the factoring problem can be broken by Shore's algorithm and quantum computer threatens other hand discrete logarithm problem. Our paper describes why modern cryptography contributes quantum cryptography, security issues and future goals of modern cryptography.
In today’s world, security in data communication has become a top-most priority in every organization. In general, cryptography is defined as the methodology to ensure data is secure by employing suitable encryption and decryption techniques. On the transmitter side, the original message is encrypted using a key. Then the encrypted data is decrypted with the duplicate key at the receiver side as per the accepted protocol between the two parties. In conventional cryptographic techniques, eavesdropping is prevented from accessing the contents of encrypted message by employing certain mathematical function and techniques, but this security methodology does not guarantee any key security. In many scenarios, a secure communication link is established by using a key, but a third party with a bad intent may steal the session keys, giving rise to data security, getting compromised. So in this regard, quantum cryptography is a better alternative when it comes to data security integrity. In this research, a detail about quantum cryptography is elaborated on, and also discussed are various concepts like single photon protocol, loss of data in quantum computing, how quantum is affecting computer communication systems. In conventional cryptographic methodology of data transmission and reception, there is always a probability of eavesdropping leading to the compromising of data integrity and security. The solution to this problem can be obtained by integrating the quantum cryptographic technique with data at the sender as well as the receiver, to detect and minimize various errors by employing suitable bit error scheme. This involves the usage of programming language specific to quantum computing like qcl and quipper to achieve efficient encryption and decryption with faster processing capability.