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Pramana

High sensitivity probe absorption technique for time-of-flight measurements on cold atoms

Ashok Kumar Mohapatra, C. S. Unnikrishnan

Published Jun 1, 2006• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf02708456

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The basic model and the experimental measurement method of short-distance time-of-flight absorption spectra for determining the temperature of cold atoms are described. Based on the realization of temperature measurement of cold cesium atoms in a magneto-optical trap，the influences of measurement errors of the three experimental parameters，namely the falling distance h，the initial Gaussian radius σ0 of the cold cloud, and the Gaussian radius σp of probe beam, on the determination of temperature have been analyzed and compared.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2008•0 citations
We report the basic idea and experimental demonstration of measuring the temperature of cold cesium atomic cloud confined in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) by analyzing absorption spectrum observed in the short-distance time-of-flight (TOF) method. Compared with the conventional TOF scheme, we measure the temperature of cold atomic cloud in MOT by short-distance TOF method for our small vapor cell. If the cold atomic cloud is released, it will fall and expand due to gravity and its initial velocity distribution. Utilizing a cylindrical resonant probe beam positioned several millimeters beneath the MOT (in this paper, we analyzed the cases for 3mm, 5mm, and 8mm of center-to-center distance between the MOT region and the probe beam, respectively), we can record the short-distance TOF absorption spectrum with a photodiode when cold atoms go through the probe region. Analysis of the short-distance TOF absorption spectrum yields the effective temperature of the cold cloud in MOT.
The error analyzing and comparing between theoretical and approximate simulated formula in measuring the temperature of cold atoms with short-distance time-of-flight(TOF) method are reported.The results shows that the approximate simulated formula aqrees well with the theoretical simulated formula when the ratio of the radius of probe to the cold atoms is less than 0.2.When the ratio of the radius of probe to the cold atoms approachs 0.5,the error between the approximate simulated formula with the theoretical simulated formula for TOF absorption signal is significant.
The basic model and the experimental measurement method of short-distance time-of-flight absorption spectra for determining the temperature of cold atoms are described. Based on the realization of temperature measurement of cold cesium atoms in a magneto-optical trap，the influences of measurement errors of the three experimental parameters，namely the falling distance h，the initial Gaussian radius σ0 of the cold cloud, and the Gaussian radius σp of probe beam, on the determination of temperature have been analyzed and compared.