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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Near-field effect in the nonlinear resonant optics

Oleg N. Gadomsky, Konstantin V. Krutitsky, Sergey V. Sukhov

Published Sep 26, 1997• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The role of near field effect is investigated in the boundary value problem of nonlinear resonant optics at the interaction of steady quasiresonant optical radiation with the film of two-level atoms. Dynamical detuning from resonance, nonlinear index of refraction, reflected and refracted waves are analyzed on the basis of solution of closed system of integral field equation and optical Bloch equations with account for discrete-continuous distribution of two-level atoms. An essential dependence of near field effect upon type of symmetry of atomic distribution is shown.

DOI
10.1117/12.287682

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The role of near field effect is investigated in the boundary value problem of nonlinear resonant optics at the interaction of steady quasiresonant optical radiation with the film of two-level atoms. Dynamical detuning from resonance, nonlinear index of refraction, reflected and refracted waves are analyzed on the basis of solution of closed system of integral field equation and optical Bloch equations with account for discrete-continuous distribution of two-level atoms. An essential dependence of near field effect upon type of symmetry of atomic distribution is shown.
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We investigate the boundary-value problem of nonresonant reflection and transmission of probe light wave passing through excited nonlinear semi-infinite medium of three- level atoms. The two lower levels are excited by intensive resonant stationary or nonstationary radiation to obtain the interference of atomic states. Some properties of near field effect in this problem are investigated taking into account retarded polarizing fields and the density-dependent near dipole-dipole interactions. We separate in our consideration three waves: the inversion wave and two polarization waves with corresponding nonlinear indices of refraction.
We have theoretically investigated the process of spontaneous emission of initially excited two-level atom inside and outside of ultra-thin dielectric film. Dielectric medium is considered as discrete-continuous system of interacting dipoles. For the solution of this boundary problem of quantum optics we use Heisenberg equations for atomic operators. Mode functions of ultra-thin film are calculated by direct solution of integro-differential field equation. Coordinate dependences of excited state life time are analyzed and it is shown that consideration of near-field effect may essentially change spectral properties of the atoms located at small distances from the surface.
A theoretical analysis is made of the nonlinear (in respect of the radiation intensity) rotation of the plane of polarization occuring in an atomic medium subjected to a static magnetic field near one-photon (two-level atoms) and two-photon (three-level atoms) resonances. A study is also made of the influence of a strong monochromatic pump wave on the propagation of a weak nonmonochromatic wave. The wave functions and quasienergies are calculated for a three-level system in static magnetic and monochromatic electromagnetic fields near a two-photon resonance. It is shown that the Verdet constant and the refractive index of such a system depend on the magnitude and relative sign of the frequency detuning from resonance. Proximity to a two-photon resonance destroys the polarizability of a medium for either sign of the detuning.
Understanding the processes underlying the optical excitation of atomic vapor in the vicinity of solid surfaces is of interest both from physical and technical points of view. Selective reflection spectra of laser light from an interface of a transparent dielectric material and resonant vapor are known to be Doppler-free and to provide important spectroscopic information about the atom-wall interaction. On the other hand, atomic vapors have such a large and fast nonlinear response on or near resonances that they are capable of processing signals and images with milliwatt lasers at a time scale of submicroseconds. In the present paper we investigate linear and nonlinear optical properties of a thin film of atomic vapor confined between two solid surfaces. Assuming two-level atoms, we solve the Maxwell- Bloch equations for light reflection from resonant atoms. The interaction between the resonant atoms and the wall is accounted for through the boundary conditions for all elements of density matrix. The transient polarization is shown to make an important contribution not only to the field structure in the vicinity of the wall but also to the interference pattern of the reflected field. It is found that the spectrum of reflection depends remarkably on the film thickness. Strong enhancement of signal is also found from this study and possible devices for the detection are discussed.
It has been shown that nonlinear near-field optical resonances occur in diatomic nanostructures consisting of identical or different two-level atoms in the presence of a radiation field when the dipole-dipole interaction is taken into account. The frequencies of these resonances depend strongly on the intensity of the external optical radiation, on the initial conditions, on the polarization of the external field with respect to the axis of the nanostructure, and on the interatomic distance. The interatomic interaction is taken into account beyond perturbation theory. For this reason, the effective polarizabilities of the atoms of the nanostructure are expressed in terms of the polynomials of both the interatomic distance and the electric field strength of the external optical wave. A “falling tower” effect that is caused by the nonlinear behavior of the local dipole moments of atoms in the nanostructure is predicted.