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Quantum Electronics

Near-field effect in an ultrathin nonlinear film of resonant atoms

O. N. Gadomskiĭ, Sergey V. Sukhov

Published Jun 30, 1998• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In nonlinear resonance optics, the boundary-value problem of the interaction of steady quasiresonant optical radiation with an ultrathin film is solved within the framework of a model of a discretely continuous film of atoms in which the point of observation is surrounded by discretely distributed atoms forming a truncated Lorentz sphere. Outside the sphere the distribution of atoms is continuous. A closed system, formed by an integral field equation and modified Bloch equations, is used to calculate the microscopic field inside the film and thus the dynamic detuning from a resonance, which takes account of the near-field effect, i.e. of the discretely continuous distribution of atoms in the film. A significant dependence of the effect on the nature of the symmetry of the distribution of atoms in the film is demonstrated.

DOI
10.1070/qe1998v028n06abeh001261

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In nonlinear resonance optics, the boundary-value problem of the interaction of steady quasiresonant optical radiation with an ultrathin film is solved within the framework of a model of a discretely continuous film of atoms in which the point of observation is surrounded by discretely distributed atoms forming a truncated Lorentz sphere. Outside the sphere the distribution of atoms is continuous. A closed system, formed by an integral field equation and modified Bloch equations, is used to calculate the microscopic field inside the film and thus the dynamic detuning from a resonance, which takes account of the near-field effect, i.e. of the discretely continuous distribution of atoms in the film. A significant dependence of the effect on the nature of the symmetry of the distribution of atoms in the film is demonstrated.
The role of near field effect is investigated in the boundary value problem of nonlinear resonant optics at the interaction of steady quasiresonant optical radiation with the film of two-level atoms. Dynamical detuning from resonance, nonlinear index of refraction, reflected and refracted waves are analyzed on the basis of solution of closed system of integral field equation and optical Bloch equations with account for discrete-continuous distribution of two-level atoms. An essential dependence of near field effect upon type of symmetry of atomic distribution is shown.
We have theoretically investigated the process of spontaneous emission of initially excited two-level atom inside and outside of ultra-thin dielectric film. Dielectric medium is considered as discrete-continuous system of interacting dipoles. For the solution of this boundary problem of quantum optics we use Heisenberg equations for atomic operators. Mode functions of ultra-thin film are calculated by direct solution of integro-differential field equation. Coordinate dependences of excited state life time are analyzed and it is shown that consideration of near-field effect may essentially change spectral properties of the atoms located at small distances from the surface.
We have solved a boundary-value problem for a ball probe interacting with a flat dielectric surface in an external optical radiation field. This interaction gives rise to the optical size resonance at frequencies significantly different from the natural frequencies of two-level atoms both in the medium and in the probe with allowance for the local field corrections. These resonances depend significantly on the distance from the probe center to the surface, on the ball probe size, on the concentration of two-level atoms in the probe and in the medium, on the spectral line width, and on the atomic inversion. The field strengths inside and outside the ball probe and a semiinfinite dielectric medium have been calculated in the near-field and wave zones. It is shown that the proposed electrodynamic theory of optical near-field microscopy agrees with the results of experimental measurements.
Understanding the processes underlying the optical excitation of atomic vapor in the vicinity of solid surfaces is of interest both from physical and technical points of view. Selective reflection spectra of laser light from an interface of a transparent dielectric material and resonant vapor are known to be Doppler-free and to provide important spectroscopic information about the atom-wall interaction. On the other hand, atomic vapors have such a large and fast nonlinear response on or near resonances that they are capable of processing signals and images with milliwatt lasers at a time scale of submicroseconds. In the present paper we investigate linear and nonlinear optical properties of a thin film of atomic vapor confined between two solid surfaces. Assuming two-level atoms, we solve the Maxwell- Bloch equations for light reflection from resonant atoms. The interaction between the resonant atoms and the wall is accounted for through the boundary conditions for all elements of density matrix. The transient polarization is shown to make an important contribution not only to the field structure in the vicinity of the wall but also to the interference pattern of the reflected field. It is found that the spectrum of reflection depends remarkably on the film thickness. Strong enhancement of signal is also found from this study and possible devices for the detection are discussed.
We investigate the boundary-value problem of nonresonant reflection and transmission of probe light wave passing through excited nonlinear semi-infinite medium of three- level atoms. The two lower levels are excited by intensive resonant stationary or nonstationary radiation to obtain the interference of atomic states. Some properties of near field effect in this problem are investigated taking into account retarded polarizing fields and the density-dependent near dipole-dipole interactions. We separate in our consideration three waves: the inversion wave and two polarization waves with corresponding nonlinear indices of refraction.
A new solution to modified Bloch equations for a diatomic quantum system consisting of two identical interacting atoms in a field of high-intensity continuous radiation is obtained. On the basis of this solution, the existence of nonlinear sized resonances whose properties strongly depend on the atomic spacing, on the polarization of the external field of radiation, and on the initial inversions of atoms constituting a nanostructural object is shown. Dispersion dependences of induced dipole moments and inversions of atoms of the object are investigated theoretically in the region of sized resonances for various irradiation conditions.