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Optica Acta International Journal of Optics

On the Theory of a Non-linear Optical Resonator

V. N. Lugovoǐ

Published Jul 1, 1977• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The properties are considered of an optical resonator excited by an external light beam and filled with a non-linear (Raman or Mandel'stam-Brillouin active) medium for single-mode (exciting and the first Stokes) radiation components in the resonator. The form of the hysteresis of light intensity inside the resonator and of the intensity of the beam transmitted through the resonator for both the radiation components on the variation of the external beam intensity are investigated. Also, periodic pulsations of the radiation component intensities are discussed and the phase modulation of the components at the regimes in question is predicted, the conditions for these pulsations being derived. Conditions are also found under which the resonator amplifies the amplitude (phase) modulation of the external light beam and the properties of the regimes of the amplification are also discussed. The use of the resonator in question as the element of optical memory, a switching device, the generator of optical pulses and optical ‘transistor’ is proposed.

DOI
10.1080/713819632

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IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics•Aug 1, 1984•1 citation
The properties are considered of an optical resonator excited by an external light beam and filled with a non-linear (Raman or Mandel'stam-Brillouin active) medium for single-mode (exciting and the first Stokes) radiation components in the resonator. The form of the hysteresis of light intensity inside the resonator and of the intensity of the beam transmitted through the resonator for both the radiation components on the variation of the external beam intensity are investigated. Also, periodic pulsations of the radiation component intensities are discussed and the phase modulation of the components at the regimes in question is predicted, the conditions for these pulsations being derived. Conditions are also found under which the resonator amplifies the amplitude (phase) modulation of the external light beam and the properties of the regimes of the amplification are also discussed. The use of the resonator in question as the element of optical memory, a switching device, the generator of optical pulses and optical ‘transistor’ is proposed.
A review is given of theoretical and experimental investigations of optical resonators excited by an external light beam and filled with a nonlinear medium. An analysis is made of various types of nonlinearities (Kerr, Raman, Brillouin, and quadratic nonlinearities, saturation in a medium of two-level particles) and equations which describe the dynamics of optical oscillations in a resonator, are derived. Descriptions are given of the main properties such as limitation of the transmitted beam intensity, bistability and hysteresis, intensity pulsations, and amplification of amplitude-frequency deviations in the optical beam. Transient processes are also discussed. In the description of the experimental results, not only the resonator parameters and the observed properties are indicated but attention is also paid to identification of the type of nonlinearity. An analysis is also made of hybrid systems in which the nonlinearity is simulated (and deliberately increased) by radioelectronics.
A multiple interferometer is proposed and stimulated Raman radiation, stimulated Mandel’stam–Brillouin radiation, and Cerenkov-type optical parametric oscillation are considered in this interferometer, which is excited by an external light beam. An extremely low threshold intensity of the exciting beam is noted. Optical bistability and hysteresis, self-pulsing of the radiation intensities, amplification of amplitude-phase deviations in the incident pumping beam, limitation of the intensity of the beam transmitted by the interferometer, and nonlinear reflection of the beam from the multiple interferometer are predicted and discussed. It is also noted that the threshold for generation of the second Stokes component of stimulated Raman radiation and stimulated Mandel’stam–Brillouin radiation under the conditions discussed is usually not achieved, even for high excess of the exciting beam intensity over the threshold for generation of the first Stokes component.
Stimulated Raman radiation is considered in an optical resonator excited by an external light beam. It is assumed that the resonator is filled with a dispersive (condensed) medium for a length of the medium (along the resonator axis) close to several ‘tunnel’ lengths. A Raman-active medium is assumed to fill part of the resonator length along the resonator axis. Numerical calculations are presented of tunnel locking stimulated Raman radiation components. The shape of light pulses is calculated, and the band of locking Stokes components is derived. The feasibility of generating a light pulse of duration 3 × 10-14 −4 × 10-15 s in a frequency region close to the point ∂2 n eff / ∂ω2 = 0, located usually in the infrared spectral region (n eff is the effective refractive index of the substance inside the resonator) is discussed. Also discussed is the feasibility of correcting the refractive index dispersion and generating femtosecond light pulses in the visible spectral region.
A review is given of theoretical and experimental investigations of optical resonators excited by an external light beam and filled with a nonlinear medium. An analysis is made of various types of nonlinearities (Kerr, Raman, Brillouin, and quadratic nonlinearities, saturation in a medium of two-level particles) and equations which describe the dynamics of optical oscillations in a resonator, are derived. Descriptions are given of the main properties such as limitation of the transmitted beam intensity, bistability and hysteresis, intensity pulsations, and amplification of amplitude-frequency deviations in the optical beam. Transient processes are also discussed. In the description of the experimental results, not only the resonator parameters and the observed properties are indicated but attention is also paid to identification of the type of nonlinearity. An analysis is also made of hybrid systems in which the nonlinearity is simulated (and deliberately increased) by radioelectronics.
An analysis is made of parametric excitation of anti-Stokes components of stimulated Raman scattering in an optical resonator filled with a medium whose refractive index is dispersion-free. The case of steady generation of the first Stokes component is considered. Expressions are obtained for the amplitudes of steady-state fluctuations of the anti-Stokes components in the case of a weak reaction of these components on the pump radiation and on the first Stokes component. Various cases of frequency dependences of the intrinsic resonator losses are considered. Conditions are found under which a large number of anti-Stokes components with similar intensities is excited so that the anti-Stokes radiation leaving the resonator is a periodic sequence of ultrashort (femtosecond) pulses with one pulse per period.
Stimulated Raman radiation is considered in a ring optical resonator. It is supposed that the resonator is partly filled with a condensed medium at the full length of the medium close to several tunnel lengths. A Raman-active medium and an optical waveguide are assumed to occupy a part of the condensed medium. The feasibility is shown of tunnel generation and synchronization of a great number of Stokes components of stimulated Raman radiation. Here, femtosecond light pulses are shown to be formed in a spacing adjacent to the Raman-active medium, the pulses being single over the periodT = 2\pi/\omega_{R}(ωRis the Raman frequency shift). Predicted and considered also are tunnel generation and locking of new light modes in an optical parametric oscillator. The effects are due to a correction for the dispersion of the full effective refractive index of the medium inside the resonator. Numerical calculations of the correction for a glass thin-film optical waveguide, quartz, and the Raman-active media CaCO3, C6H6, CS2inside the resonator are represented. Here, five or six Stokes components are shown to be generated and locked for CaCO3and C6H6, eight Stokes components for CS2. A similar numerical calculation is represented for the active medium LiNbO3in the corresponding optical parameteric oscillator. Here, new modes covering a frequency bandwidth of 5000 cm-1are shown to be feasible. Noted and discussed is also a higher-order correction for the effective refractive index dispersion making it feasible to broaden the frequency bandwidth for tunnel generation and locking.