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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Two-photon excitation of nuclei

I. V. Krasnov, N. Ya. Shaparev

Published Dec 31, 1975• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An analysis is made of the two-photon absorption of radiation by nuclei subjected to two opposed $gamma$-ray fluxes. The absorption cross section has two maxima separated by the recoil energy. The higher maximum, of width GAMMA governed by the radiative damping, is associated with the recoilless absorption; the lower maximum, of width governed by the Doppler effect, describes the absorption in the presence of recoil. The low maximum makes it possible to attain low values of the parameter GAMMA/$omega$. (AIP)

DOI
10.1070/qe1975v005n12abeh012158

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An analysis is made of the two-photon absorption of radiation by nuclei subjected to two opposed gammagammagamma-ray fluxes. The absorption cross section has two maxima separated by the recoil energy. The higher maximum, of width GAMMA governed by the radiative damping, is associated with the recoilless absorption; the lower maximum, of width governed by the Doppler effect, describes the absorption in the presence of recoil. The low maximum makes it possible to attain low values of the parameter GAMMA/omegaomegaomega. (AIP)
This report results from a contract tasking Moscow State University as follows: Exploration of methods to control the radiative gamma- processes in nuclei is currently one of the most promising investigation directions of the modern Quantum Nucleonics - a new realm of contemporary Physics which spreads the basic conceptual ideas and methods of optical Quantum Electronics of atoms and molecules to the gamma-ray range and atomic nuclei and even anti-particles. One of the most important problems in this field is the generation of coherent gamma-radiation by a Gamma-ray Lasing (GRL) process which makes use of excited nuclei as an amplifying medium. The most likely medium for gamma-ray lasers is an ensemble of metastable nuclear isomers, Direct excitation of these isomeric states by electrons or X-ray photons will also create a deeper understanding of nuclear structure and properties.
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Two-photon absorption is theoretically analyzed within the semiclassical formalism of radiation-matter interaction. We consider an ensemble of inhomogeneously broadened three-level atoms subjected to the action of two counterpropagating fields of the same frequency. By concentrating in the limit of large detuning in one-photon transitions, we solve perturbatively the Bloch equations in a non-usual way. In this way we derive an analytical expression for the width of the two-photon resonance that makes evident sub-Doppler two--photon spectroscopy. We also derive an analytical expression for the Stark shift of the two-photon resonance.