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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Oscillator strengths of the principal series lines of Rb

E Caliebe, Kay Niemax

Published Jan 28, 1979• 41 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The oscillator strengths of the principal series doublets of Rb 5 2 S 1/2 -n 2 P 3/2 and 5 2 S 1/2 -n 2 P 1/2 (6<or=n<or=20) have been measured in absorption using a high-resolution spectrometer. The absolute f values and the ratios of the doublet components rho =f 3/2 /f 1/2 are compared with available theoretical and other experimental results. At n=15 a pronounced perturbation in the monotonic increase of the oscillator strength ratio rho as a function of the principal quantum number n is found.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/12/2/003

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The oscillator strengths of the principal series doublets of Rb 5 2 S 1/2 -n 2 P 3/2 and 5 2 S 1/2 -n 2 P 1/2 (6<or=n<or=20) have been measured in absorption using a high-resolution spectrometer. The absolute f values and the ratios of the doublet components rho =f 3/2 /f 1/2 are compared with available theoretical and other experimental results. At n=15 a pronounced perturbation in the monotonic increase of the oscillator strength ratio rho as a function of the principal quantum number n is found.
The doublet oscillator-strength ratios ρn of the cesium principal series (62S1/2−n2P3/2,1/2) have been measured for principal quantum number n = 7–21. Both emission and absorption spectroscopic measurements were performed with a 9.1-m focal-length spectrometer. The results show that ρn increases monotonically with n. Discrepancies between emission and absorption results are attributed to collisional mixing of the excited-state populations. Oscillator strengths of both fine structure lines were obtained from the absorption measurements. These agree substantially with similar work by Lorenzen and Niemax [ J. Phys. B11, L723 ( 1978)]. Fano X parameters derived from the measured results are found to decrease monotonically with n. The value of X, extrapolated to the ionization potential, is 2.05 ± 0.03, in good agreement with recent laser-excited atomic-beam results of Raimond et al. [ J. Phys. B11, L765 ( 1978)]. This makes unlikely the existence of a pole of ρn in the discrete spectrum, which requires that X have the value 2.
Oscillator strengths f3/2n and f1/2 n for the principal series of rubidium are calculated using relativistic wave functions obtained by means of the relativistic parametric-potential method. Three different approaches are used pointing out that the separation between relativistic and correlation effects is not unique and somewhat arbitrary. The calculations were carried out up to the principal quantum number n = 80 showing that the ratio Rn = f3/2n / f1/2 n increases rapidly with n towards a limiting value, a result in agreement with a recent experiment on highly excited Rydberg states.
Space-charge amplification of the indirect ionization resulting from photoabsorption in cesium vapor has been shown to offer to conventional techniques of absorption spectroscopy a useful complement of highest sensitivity. It was used in this work together with a xenon continuum source filtered to a linewidth of 0.14 \AA{} to measure the relative absorption probabilities for transitions of the cesium-principal-series ($6^{2}S\ensuremath{-}n^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2}}$) doublets. Anomalous pressure effects on the resulting line-strength ratios, resulting in part from polarization molecules of Cs2{\mathrm{Cs}}_{2}Cs2​*, were examined over a range of cesium-atom concentration varying from 1.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1014{10}^{14}1014 to 1.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1015{10}^{15}1015 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. From the corrected doublet line-strength ratios for $11\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}16$, the segment of the curve of Fano XXX parameters corresponding to discrete energies was constructed. Interpolation between these results and those from electron-polarization experiments served to locate the pole in the principal-series, doublet line-strength ratio near 192P19^{2}P192P.
Absorption ratios of doublets arising from n(2)D(5/2,3/2)? n'(2)S transitions in Rb (n = 5-9, n' = 5) and Cs (n = 7-13, n' = 6) were measured by Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy using a thermionic ion detector. The observed ratios agree with calculated values for transitions to the higher levels but differ significantly for levels n = 5 in Rb and n =7, 8 in Cs. These experiments also provide new lower bounds for the ionization potentials of Rb(2) (3.62 eV) and Cs(2) (3.682 eV).
The absorption profiles of the far wings of rubidium 5S to 6S and 5S to 4D forbidden transitions in the presence of a rare gas perturber (argon or helium) are experimentally investigated. The quasistatic interpretation of the temperature dependence of the profiles gives information about the excited state potential curves and the oscillator strengths of the various transitions. The experimental results are compared with calculated potentials and, particularly in the case of helium, with the l-dependent pseudo-potentials available for alkali-helium pairs.