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Journal de physique

Oscillator strength ratios for the principal series of rubidium : relativistic and correlation effects

Eliane Luc-Koenig, Annik Bachelier

Published Jan 1, 1978• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Oscillator strengths f3/2n and f1/2 n for the principal series of rubidium are calculated using relativistic wave functions obtained by means of the relativistic parametric-potential method. Three different approaches are used pointing out that the separation between relativistic and correlation effects is not unique and somewhat arbitrary. The calculations were carried out up to the principal quantum number n = 80 showing that the ratio Rn = f3/2n / f1/2 n increases rapidly with n towards a limiting value, a result in agreement with a recent experiment on highly excited Rydberg states.

DOI
10.1051/jphys:0197800390100105900

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Oscillator strengths f3/2n and f1/2 n for the principal series of rubidium are calculated using relativistic wave functions obtained by means of the relativistic parametric-potential method. Three different approaches are used pointing out that the separation between relativistic and correlation effects is not unique and somewhat arbitrary. The calculations were carried out up to the principal quantum number n = 80 showing that the ratio Rn = f3/2n / f1/2 n increases rapidly with n towards a limiting value, a result in agreement with a recent experiment on highly excited Rydberg states.
The oscillator strengths of the principal series doublets of Rb 5 2 S 1/2 -n 2 P 3/2 and 5 2 S 1/2 -n 2 P 1/2 (6<or=n<or=20) have been measured in absorption using a high-resolution spectrometer. The absolute f values and the ratios of the doublet components rho =f 3/2 /f 1/2 are compared with available theoretical and other experimental results. At n=15 a pronounced perturbation in the monotonic increase of the oscillator strength ratio rho as a function of the principal quantum number n is found.
The doublet oscillator-strength ratios ρn of the cesium principal series (62S1/2−n2P3/2,1/2) have been measured for principal quantum number n = 7–21. Both emission and absorption spectroscopic measurements were performed with a 9.1-m focal-length spectrometer. The results show that ρn increases monotonically with n. Discrepancies between emission and absorption results are attributed to collisional mixing of the excited-state populations. Oscillator strengths of both fine structure lines were obtained from the absorption measurements. These agree substantially with similar work by Lorenzen and Niemax [ J. Phys. B11, L723 ( 1978)]. Fano X parameters derived from the measured results are found to decrease monotonically with n. The value of X, extrapolated to the ionization potential, is 2.05 ± 0.03, in good agreement with recent laser-excited atomic-beam results of Raimond et al. [ J. Phys. B11, L765 ( 1978)]. This makes unlikely the existence of a pole of ρn in the discrete spectrum, which requires that X have the value 2.
We present the results of relativistic calculation of the radiative transition probabilities and excited states lifetimes for a heavy Rydberg atomic systems in a black-body (thermal) radiation field on example of the rubidium. As theoretical approach we apply the combined generalized relativistic energy approach and relativistic many-body perturbation theory with ab initio Dirac zeroth approximation. There are obtained the calculational data for the radiative transition probabilities and excited states lifetimes, in particular, the rubidium atom in the Rydberg states with principal quantum number n=10-100. It is carried out the comparison of obtained theoretical data on the effective lifetime for the group of Rydberg nS states of the rubidium atom at a temperature of T = 300K with experimental data as well as data of alternative theoretical calculation based on the improved quasiclassical model. It is shown that the accuracy of the theoretical data on the radiative transition probabilities and excited states lifetimes is provided by a correctness of the corresponding relativistic wave functions and accounting for the exchange-correlation effects.
The combined relativistic energy approach and relativistic many-body perturbation theory with the zeroth Dirac-Fock potential approximation are used for computing the thermal Blackbody radiation ionization characteristics of the alkali Rydberg atoms, in particular, the rubidium and caesium in Rydberg states with principal quantum number n = 20-100. Preliminary application of theory to computing ionization rate for the Rydberg sodium atom in the have demonstrated physically reasonable agreement between the theoretical and experimental data. The accuracy of the theoretical data is provided by a correctness of the corresponding relativistic wave functions and accounting for the exchange-correlation effects.
There has been increasing interest in the energy spectrum of highly excited Rydberg states. The energy spectra of the sss, ppp, and ddd highly excited Rydberg states of a rubidium atom have been measured by different groups. However, there is a discrepancy between the reported data concerning the energy levels of highly excited sss and ddd states of Rb. We address this issue by performing accurate calculations of Rb(ns,np,ndns,np,ndns,np,nd) energy levels using the parametric one-electron valence potential [Marinescu, Sadeghpour, and Dalgarno, Phys. Rev. A 49, 982 (1994)] with spin-orbit coupling. We compare results with reference data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology and from available experiments. This enables us to recommend energy levels of highly excited Rydberg states of Rb that can be used as reference values.