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Journal of Modern Optics

Spectrum of a Micromaser with Kerr Nonlinearity

Bimalendu Deb, Deb Shankar Ray

Published May 1, 1995• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We analyse the spectrum of a micromaser with a Kerr-type nonlinearity in its cavity. We show that the intracavity Kerr nonlinearity has significant effects on the spectrum leading to narrowing of the subnatural linewidth and frequency-shifts.
DOI
10.1080/09500349514550991

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We have established the master equation for the micromaser with Kerr medium field density operator, studied the spectrum of the micromaser with Kerr medium and analyzed the influence of Kerr effect and the detuning on the spectrum. In the thermal-atom regime, we find that Kerr effect broadens linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S, and that the detuning Δ narrows linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S as a whole. Moreover Kerr effect leads to oscillatings more rapidly in the resonance peaks, which means that it causes quantum noise. As a whole, with the increase of cavity-length L, the linewidth D and frequency-shift S gradually increase.
We have established the master equation for the micromaser with Kerr medium field density operator,studied the spectrum of the micromaser with Kerr medium and analyzed the influence of Kerr effect and the detuning onthe spectrum. In the thermal-atom regime, we find that Kerr effect broadens linewidth D and increases frequency-shiftS, and that the detuning A narrows linewidth D and increases frequency-shift S as a whole. Moreover Kerr effect leadsto oscillatings more rapidly in the resonance peaks, which means that it causes quantum noise. As a whole, with theincrease of cavity-length L, the linewidth D and frequency-shift S gradually increase.
The spectrum of the micromaser injected with Λ-type three-level atoms is studied. The spectrum has a Lorentzian lineshape and its central frequency has a shift. The effects of various parameters (for example, the atomic center-of-mass velocity, the cavity-length, the one-photon detuning, the ratio of the atomic injection rate to the cavity decay rate and the number of thermal photons) on the linewidth and the frequency shift are examined. The spectrum shows very different features in different velocity regimes, i.e., in the fast-atom regime, in the intermediate-velocity-atom regime, and in the slow-atom regime.
A micromaser containing a Kerr medium in its cavity has been investigated. We have presented an exact solution to the model Hamiltonian, which, apart from the usual Jaynes-Cummings terms, contains a Kerr term (${\mathit{a}}^{\mathrm{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}}2}$a2{\mathit{a}}^{2}a2). We have shown that the Kerr cavity nonlinearity significantly modifies the photon statistics of the micromaser field. Particularly, it is interesting to note that with the introduction of appropriate nonlinearity a micromaser can be made to approach towards a number state with a low number of photons.
We study the spectrum of the micromaser injected with ultracold cascade three-level atoms. We examine the effects of the atomic centre-of-mass motion, the cavity length, the atom-field detuning, the ratio of the atomic injection rate to the cavity decay rate, and the number of photons in thermal equilibrium on the spectrum. We find that the micromaser injected with ultracold three-level atoms shows new spectral properties which are different from those of the micromaser injected with ultracold two-level atoms and the micromaser injected with thermal two- or three-level atoms. The main conclusions are that the linewidth can be broadened and the frequency can be either red-shifted or blue-shifted.
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