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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

Rubidium resonant squeezed light from a diode-pumped optical parametric oscillator

Ana Predojević, Z. Zhai, J. M. Caballero, Morgan W. Mitchell

Published Jun 1, 2009• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present the quadrature and polarization squeezing generated by a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO) resonant to rubidium D1 line and pumped by a frequency-doubled diode laser. We demonstrate here a technique to eliminate the effects of laser phase noise on quadrature squeezing. The technique uses cavity stabilization of the laser frequency, in combination with a carefully chosen delay between the squeezed light and the local oscillator beam. By introducing fiber delay lines into the local oscillator path the group delay between squeezing path and local oscillator path can be matched so that phase fluctuations of the primary laser are canceled out in white-light configuration.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe-eqec.2009.5191545

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arXiv:quant-ph/0611204•Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Dec 20, 2006•62 citations
We present the quadrature and polarization squeezing generated by a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator (OPO) resonant to rubidium D1 line and pumped by a frequency-doubled diode laser. We demonstrate here a technique to eliminate the effects of laser phase noise on quadrature squeezing. The technique uses cavity stabilization of the laser frequency, in combination with a carefully chosen delay between the squeezed light and the local oscillator beam. By introducing fiber delay lines into the local oscillator path the group delay between squeezing path and local oscillator path can be matched so that phase fluctuations of the primary laser are canceled out in white-light configuration.
We demonstrate a diode-laser-pumped system for generation of quadrature squeezing and polarization squeezing. Due to their excess phase noise, diode lasers are challenging to use in phase-sensitive quantum optics experiments such as quadrature squeezing. The system we present overcomes the phase noise of the diode laser through a combination of active stabilization and appropriate delays in the local oscillator beam. The generated light is resonant to the rubidium D1D1D1 transition at 795nm795\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}795nm and thus can be readily used for quantum memory experiments.
The multimode operation of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating below threshold is calculated. We predict that squeezing can be generated in a comb that is limited only by the phase matching bandwidth of the OPO. Effects of technical noise on the squeezing spectrum are investigated. It is shown that maximal squeezing can be obtained at high frequency even in the presence of seed laser noise and cavity length fluctuations. Furthermore the spectrum obtained by detuning the laser frequency off OPO cavity resonance is calculated.
Abstract. We report on the generation of more than 5 dB of vacuum squeezed light at the Rubidium D1 line (795 nm) using periodically poled KTiOPO4 (PPKTP) in an optical parametric oscillator. We demonstrate squeezing at low sideband frequencies, making this source of non-classical light compatible with bandwidth limited atom optics experiments. When PPKTP is operated as a parametric amplifier, we show a noise reduction of 4 dB stably locked within the 150 kHz-500 kHz frequency range. This matches the bandwidth of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in Rubidium hot vapour cells under the condition of large information delay. Squeezed light at the Rubidium D1 line 2 The control of quantum states of light is of great interest for quantum communication purposes. Many quantum information protocols rely on the possibility of coherently delaying and storing the information carried by a laser beam. This can for example be achieved using Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT). Experimental and theoretical studies have shown that information can be delayed within a narrow bandwidth when light interacts with atoms in a lambda configuration [2, 3, 4, 5]. One step further is the delay of quantum information, carried by squeezed
We have constructed a mode-locked optical parametric oscillator (OPO), synchronously pumped by the second harmonic of a continuously mode-locked Nd:YAG laser and based on type II phase matching in a KTP crystal. The two subharmonics (signal and idler waves) are nearly degenerate in frequency but are distinct orthogonal polarization states, and the oscillator is thus a nondegenerate OPO. Above threshold, the intensities of the signal and idler output beams should be highly correlated, as recently demonstrated for a similar single-frequency OPO.1 Ideally, the quantum noise on the corresponding photocurrent difference signal is completely suppressed for frequencies that are small compared to the OPO cavity bandwidth. Since this configuration produces intense light beams with potentially very good noise suppression, it is an important prototype for possible applications, e.g., to spectroscopy. Initial results with our OPO show an excess uncorrelated polarization noise, possibly due to depolarized light scattering in the KTP crystal. When the OPO cavity is stabilized with the signal and idler degenerate in frequency, they can be mixed to form a superposition by manipulating their polarization. When the oscillator is pumped below threshold, a pulsed squeezed vacuum state is produced in two such mixtures.2 When the polarizations are mixed inside the OPO cavity by a Faraday rotator, the backaction evasion necessary for a quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement of one of the field quadratures of an externally injected beam is obtained.3 The pulsed local oscillator used in observing the squeezing or QND effects is derived from the fundamental output of the pump laser. Progress in implementing these experiments with our mode-locked OPO is described as well as possible applications to time-domain measurements with noise below the shot-noise limit.
A polarization squeezed optical beam can directly interact with the atomic medium, and its measurement is local-oscillator free. Here we have deterministically generated polarization squeezed light at 795 nm. First, a laser at 398 nm is produced from second-harmonic generation with an enhancement cavity. Then a pair of quadrature amplitude squeezed optical fields is prepared with two degenerate optical parameter amplifiers that are pumped by the resulting laser at 398 nm. Finally, the polarization squeezed state of light is generated by combining the above two quadrature amplitude squeezed optical beams on a polarizing beam splitter, and the quantum fluctuations of three Stokes operators simultaneously are reduced 4.0 dB below the quantum noise limit. The polarization squeezing has potential applications in future quantum information networks.
We report on the generation of more than 5 dB of vacuum squeezed light at the Rubidium D1 line (795 nm) using periodically poled KTiOPO4_{4}4​ (PPKTP) in an optical parametric oscillator. We demonstrate squeezing at low sideband frequencies, making this source of non-classical light compatible with bandwidth limited atom optics experiments. When PPKTP is operated as a parametric amplifier, we show a noise reduction of 4 dB stably locked within the 150 kHz-500 kHz frequency range. This matches the bandwidth of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in Rubidium hot vapour cells under the condition of large information delay.