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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Squeezed Vacuum Generation Using Symmetric Nonlinear Polarization Interferometer

Norihiko Nishizawa, Kyosuke Sone, Junichi Higuchi, Masakazu Mori, Kazuo Yamane, Toshio Goto

Published Feb 1, 2002• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Squeezed vacuum generation is demonstrated using an ultrashort pulse fiber laser and a symmetric nonlinear polarization interferometer (NOPI). In this system, the squeezed vacuum can be generated only by passing the ultrashort pulse along the optical fiber. Noise reduction of -1.7 dB below shot noise level is observed. Considering the effect of quantum efficiency in this system, the corresponding magnitude of squeezing is estimated to be -2.7 dB. The system is constructed with all fiber devices and is compact, stable, and useful for practical applications.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.41.l130

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Squeezed vacuum generation is demonstrated using an ultrashort pulse fiber laser and a symmetric nonlinear polarization interferometer (NOPI). In this system, the squeezed vacuum can be generated only by passing the ultrashort pulse along the optical fiber. Noise reduction of -1.7 dB below shot noise level is observed. Considering the effect of quantum efficiency in this system, the corresponding magnitude of squeezing is estimated to be -2.7 dB. The system is constructed with all fiber devices and is compact, stable, and useful for practical applications.
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The photon-number squeezed light generation using a nonlinear polarization interferometer (NOPI) is analyzed numerically. The NOPI is constructed by the cascade connection of 90 degree twisted couple of polarization-maintaining fibers. Since it is possible to generate photon-number squeezed light by only passing an optical pulse through an optical fiber without spatial alignment, the squeezed light can be generated easily and stably in this scheme. The evolution of the quantum noise for the optical pulse spectra is calculated using the quantized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and linearization approximation. The magnitude of maximum squeezing in the numerical analysis is estimated to be about —13 dB. Since the arbitrary dividing ratio and two outputs can be obtained by merely turning the half-wave plates on the input and output side, photonnumber squeezed light can be generated for the broad input and output power ranges. It is clarified that the generation mechanism is contrastive for the turning direction of half-wave plate on the output.
We experimentally demonstrate the generation of a squeezed vacuum pulse at 810 nm with a fiber polarization interferometer. During femtosecond laser pulse propagation through an optical fiber in the normal dispersion regime, only self-phase modulation within a short length contributes to pulse squeezing since the laser pulse is immediately broadened. Guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) noise that increases in proportional to the fiber length is also lower with shorter fibers. Consequently, a maximum noise reduction of 2.1 dB (4.8 dB when corrected for losses) is obtained using a 40-cm-long single mode optical fiber.
We propose a new scheme of photon-number squeezed light generation using a nonlinear polarization interferometer which is constructed by the cascade connection of two polarization-maintaining fibers. Since it is possible to generate photon-number squeezed light by only passing an optical pulse through an optical fiber without spatial alignment, it is expected that the squeezed light can easily and stably be generated in this scheme. The magnitude of maximum squeezing in the numerical analysis is estimated to be about -13 dB. Since the arbitrary dividing ratio and two outputs can be obtained by merely turning the half-wave plates on the input and output side, photon-number squeezed light can be generated for the broad input and output power ranges.