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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

New nonlinear optical effect: self-reflection phenomenon due to exciton-biexciton-light interaction in semiconductors

P. I. Khadzhi, K. D. Lyakhomskaya, L. Yu. Nad’kin, D. A. Markov

Published May 30, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The characteristic peculiarities of the self-reflection of a strong electromagnetic wave in a system of coherent excitons and biexcitons due to the exciton-photon interaction and optical exciton-biexciton conversion in semiconductors were investigated as one of the manifestations of nonlinear optical Stark-effect. It was found that a monotonously decreasing standing wave with an exponential decreasing spatial tail is formed in the semiconductor. Under the action of the field of a strong pulse, an optically homogeneous medium is converted, into the medium with distributed feedback. The appearance of the spatially separated narrow pears of the reflective index, extinction and reflection coefficients is predicted.

DOI
10.1117/12.468932

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The characteristic peculiarities of the self-reflection of a strong electromagnetic wave in a system of coherent excitons and biexcitons due to the exciton-photon interaction and optical exciton-biexciton conversion in semiconductors were investigated as one of the manifestations of nonlinear optical Stark-effect. It was found that a monotonously decreasing standing wave with an exponential decreasing spatial tail is formed in the semiconductor. Under the action of the field of a strong pulse, an optically homogeneous medium is converted, into the medium with distributed feedback. The appearance of the spatially separated narrow pears of the reflective index, extinction and reflection coefficients is predicted.
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The strong optical nonlinearity of biexcitons in semiconductors necessitates a nonperturbative calculation of the nonlinear-optical susceptibility of the semiconductor and of the propagation equation of the light wave. Such calculations are possible for all light-beam geometries within a simple model in which excitons and biexcitons are treated quantum mechanically as bosons, with no reference to their internal structure. This simple model can account for most experimental observations, while when dephasing and population effects are considered it predicts the appearance of a dephasing-induced extra resonance analogous to that observed in gases or molecular crystals.
A system of nonlinear differential equations describing the dynamic evolution of coherent excitons, photons, and biexcitons is derived in the geometry of a ring cavity. Nonlinearity is caused by the direct binding of two excitons in a biexciton as a result of their Coulomb interaction, which was first predicted by Ivanov, Keldysh, and Panashchenko. The equation of state of the theory of optical bistability is obtained for the stationary case. The stability of stationary states is studied, and the switching times between the branches of the optical bistability curve are determined. It is shown that the appearance of nonlinear periodic and chaotic self-pulsations with the creation of a system of limit cycles and strange attractors in phase space is possible in the unstable portions of the equation of state. Dynamic optical bistability is studied, and the possibility of experimentally detecting the phenomena studied is discussed.
An investigation is reported of static and dynamic optical bistability and optical switching in a system of coherent excitons and biexcitons in semiconductors subject to the exciton-photon interaction and optical conversion of excitons into biexcitons. The Heisenberg equations of motion for excitons and biexcitons and the wave equation for the field are used to derive a system of nonlinear differential equations describing the dynamic evolution of such a system. The equation of state for a theory of optical bistability is derived for the static case. A study is made of the stability of stationary optical bistability states. A computer experiment is used in an investigation of the switching times between the branches