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Physics Letters A

Photon bunching in a laser at threshold

Ren Fang Chang, Robert W. Detenbeck, Victor Korenman, C. O. Alley, U. Hochuli

Published Aug 1, 1967• 23 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/0375-9601(67)90900-0

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Second-harmonic generation (SHG) has been predicted to be very sensitive to photon bunching. Because of its two-photon nature SHG would be more efficient with bunched than with random or antibunched photon sequences of the same mean intensity. We use this phenomenon to demonstrate the bunching of photons in time. The fundamental beam, derived from a laser operating near threshold, was focused into a 90° temperature phase matched nonlinear crystal. The operating point of the laser was varied in the neighborhood of threshold, and a feedback loop stabilized its intensity at each operating point. It is well known that the character of laser light changes in passing the threshold of laser action. Underlying photon sequences are bunched below threshold and random above threshold.
Classical sensing techniques such as range finding and clock synchronization use timing modulated light sources to provide the timing correlations needed for their implementation. Corresponding quantum schemes utilise spontaneous parametric down converted light sources to provide the timing correlations without the need for timing modulation, although entangled states are too fragile to be fully exploited presently. Here we demonstrate the use of thermal light as an alternative source for timing correlations, via the photon bunching generated from a laser operating below threshold, and showcase its practical viability by successful range finding measurements.