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Physics Letters A

Second- and fourth-order Stark shifts and their principal-quantum-number dependence in high Rydberg states of 85Rb

T. Haseyama, K. Kominato, M. Shibata, Shigeru Yamada, T Saida, Terunao Nakura, Yasuaki Kishimoto, M. Tada, Isamu OGAWA, H. Funahashi, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, S. Matsuki

Published Sep 22, 2003• 12 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2003.09.011

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This paper systematically studies the energy level shift (Stark effect) of the highly excited Rydberg state of cesium (Cs) atoms under the action of an electrostatic field. In view of the limitations of the traditional hydrogen atom Stark perturbation theory in describing alkali metal atoms, we propose a complete set of parametric approximation methods, which fully consider the correction of energy level structure by quantum number deficiency. By introducing the effective principal quantum number n* and the correction coefficient 𝛽l, we extend the fourth-order Stark perturbation formula for hydrogen atoms to the Cs atomic system. The study first reviewed the analytical theory of the Stark effect of hydrogen atoms and derived the fourth-order energy shift expression based on parabolic quantum numbers. Then, the quantum number depletion characteristics of Cs atoms and their influence on Stark matrix elements were analyzed; On this basis, the parametric correction rules of the system were established, including the replacement of the effective quantum number, the determination of the polarizability correction coefficient, and the conditional use of the linear term. We have developed corresponding computing programs that can quickly estimate the energy shift of different quantum states under any electric field. By comparing with the existing experimental data and precise numerical calculation results, the reliability and application scope of this method were verified. Research shows that for the high-Rydberg state with n>20, the relative error of this parametric method under moderate electric field intensity (10-100 V/cm) is very small, making it particularly suitable for rapid estimation in large-scale parameter scanning and experimental design. The work of this paper provides practical tools and theoretical basis for the theoretical research and experimental analysis of the Stark effect of alkali metal atoms.
We present a characterization of the sensitivity of broadband electric field measurements in the Very High Frequency (VHF) and Ultra High Frequency (UHF) bands using AC stark shifting of Rydberg states. The dependence of the sensitivity and dynamic range of the field measurements using nD5/2 states of cesium for principal quantum numbers n= 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 is presented, detailing the intricacies involved. The frequencies considered for the measurement range from 50 MHz to 900 MHz for which a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell is used to excite the Rydberg atoms with the RF fields. The corresponding sensitivities achieved are in the (μV/m)/Hz(μV/m)/\sqrt{Hz}(μV/m)/Hz​ range. A general trend of better sensitivity for higher principal quantum numbers is observed. This work paves the way for a better understanding of the AC Stark dependent field measurements using Rydberg sensors.