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Journal of Modern Optics

Probe polarization on absorption in a V-type medium with vacuum-induced interference

Po Dong, Sing Hai Tang, Hanzhuang Zhang

Published Jan 1, 2002• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The absorption of a weak probe beam for a V-type atom with a closely spaced doublet is studied under conditions such that vacuum-induced interference among decay channels is important. It is shown how the probe polarization as well as the vacuum-induced interference influence the absorption amplitude and spectral structure. Comparing with similar models studied earlier, where probe polarization direction has not been taken into account, the present study shows that probe polarization has significant effects on the absorption spectra.

DOI
10.1080/09500340110068544

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Results in Physics•Nov 12, 2021•1 citation
The absorption of a weak probe beam for a V-type atom with a closely spaced doublet is studied under conditions such that vacuum-induced interference among decay channels is important. It is shown how the probe polarization as well as the vacuum-induced interference influence the absorption amplitude and spectral structure. Comparing with similar models studied earlier, where probe polarization direction has not been taken into account, the present study shows that probe polarization has significant effects on the absorption spectra.
We examine the absorption of a weak probe beam by a laser driven V-type atom with a pair of closely lying excited levels, where both the driving and probe lasers interact simultaneously with the two transitions. The effects of quantum interference among decay channels on the absorption spectra are also investigated. We introduce dipole moments in the dressed-state representation and the Hamiltonian in terms of the dressed states describing the interaction between the probe and the atom. In the degenerate case, features similar to that of a driven two-level atomic system are found due to some dark transitions in the spontaneous emission and the fact that the probe beam only detects certain transitions. In the nondegenerate case, the absorption spectrum is strongly influenced by the degree of quantum interference, resulting in different line shapes for emission peaks, absorption peaks, and dispersionlike profiles. The effect of probe polarization on the absorption spectrum is also investigated.
We have analyzed the properties of weak probe absorption in a closed four-level Y -type system driven by a coherent driving field. The system with two nearly degenerate uppermost levels interacting with the same modes of the vacuum radiation field exhibits the interference effect between the spontaneous decay channels. The phenomenon of this quantum interference can significantly change the absorptive response of the weak probe field. On varying the amplitude of the resonant driving field, in the absence of incoherent pumping in the upper transitions the system can display probe transparency as well as enhanced absorption peak under the condition of resonant detuning of the probe field. With the application of incoherent pumping to the system the phenomenon of symmetric light amplification with two distinct gain peaks one each at the positions of Autler–Townes resonances can be achieved in the presence of the decay-interference effect. We have also shown that the unidirectional incoherent pumping mode is necessary for the evolution of probe gain.
We discuss the effects of the incoherent pumping in both probe and coupling channels on the absorption and dispersion of the probe laser with quantum interference. The incoherent population pumping in the coupling channel decreases the probe transparency. When decay rate in the coupling channel is greater than that in the probe channel, the incoherent population pumping in the probe channel can create the gain without inversion. The probe absorption pattern is upsidedown if the interference is present. When the decay rates in the probe and channels are equal, the incoherent pumping in the probe channel doesn't create the gain until the existence of the interference.
When a four-level Y\mathsf{Y}Y-type atom with two highest nearly degenerate lying levels interacts with the same vacuum radiation field, its excited levels have vacuum-induced coherence due to the quantum interference between the spontaneous decay channels. We consider the effects of the vacuum-induced coherence on the electromagnetically induced transparency against single- and two-photon absorption in the atomic system. We find that the vacuum-induced coherence can lead to probe gain without incoherent pumping. On the other hand, the coherence can suppress the two-photon transparency, even in some cases where it can enhance the two-photon absorption. Another important result is the finding of the crucial role played by the relative phase between the probe and coupling fields: the two-photon transparency and the probe gain spectra can be modulated by this phase.
The gain, absorption and dispersion properties of a probe field for a four level N-type atomic system with a normal vacuum and a squeezed vacuum fields is studied. Under such conditions that normal and squeezed vacuum-induced interference among decay channels is significant. Our study also reveals that the quantum interference will produce a remarkable effect on the absorption and dispersion properties of the system. A single squeezed vacuum is coupled to three transitions. Numerically the effect of the squeezing vacuum field parameters and the relative phases between the squeezed vacuum and the probe (strong) fields on the index of refraction is analyzed.