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Chinese Physics Letters

Efficient One-Sender Versus N -Receiver Quantum Secure Direct Communication

Man Zhong-Xiao, Yun‐Jie Xia

Published Jul 21, 2006• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An efficient quantum secure direct communication protocol with one-sender versus N -receiver is proposed. The secret bits can be encoded in the N +1-particle GHZ states and can be decoded by the N receivers with a classical information of the sender plus their own measurement outcomes. Any attacks can be detected by comparing measurement results on the detecting states.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/23/8/004

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An efficient quantum secure direct communication protocol with one-sender versus N -receiver is proposed. The secret bits can be encoded in the N +1-particle GHZ states and can be decoded by the N receivers with a classical information of the sender plus their own measurement outcomes. Any attacks can be detected by comparing measurement results on the detecting states.
Inspired by quantum secure direct communication, a three-party quantum secret sharing approach is proposed. In the preparation phase, the sender shares a GHZ state among users. After she ensures about the security of the channel, she generates an auxiliary GHZ state and keeps it. Then she encodes three-bit information on the GHZ states, by applying the appropriate gates on her qubits. In the decoding phase, the three parties measure their qubits. The receivers achieve no information on the encoded message individually and just when they know the others' measurement results have access to the secret message. The security of the preparation phase against various attacks is investigated. Since no qubits carrying the message are transmitted, the protocol is completely secure, if the perfect quantum channel is used. The proposed approach has a better efficiency as compared to the previous ones.
Based on the GHZ-like state, we proposed a new efficient three-party controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol for the sender to send secret information to the receiver with the permission and assistance of the controller. In this scheme, the controller prepares GHZ-like state and performs random unitary operation on the particles, and the sender encodes secret information onto his particles using dense coding and then transmits them though the quantum channel. The receiver can recover the secret information based on the controller's information and the results of the Bell basis measurement. The operations performed by the controller ensure that the receiver cannot obtain any part of the secret information without the permission of the controller. In addition, it is proved that the efficiency of the proposed scheme is higher than the existing protocols by comparison.
Recently, a genuine five-qubit entangled state has been achieved by Brown et al.[ J. Phys. A 38 (2005) 1119 ]. Later it was indicated that this state can be used for quantum teleportation and quantum state sharing. Here we build a quantum secure direct communication protocol with this state, and prove that it is secure in ideal conditions. In the protocol, the sender performs unitary transformations to encode a secret message on his/her particles and sends them to the receiver. The receiver then performs projective determinate measurement to decode the secret message directly. Furthermore, this protocol utilizes superdense coding to achieve a high intrinsic efficiency and source capacity.
A novel two-party quantum secure direct communication protocol was proposed.By using ordered four-particle W state as carrier of information,encoding the secret message with unitary transformation,we can directly transmit secret message with local Bell-basis measurement and classical communication.In ideal channel,the protocol is secure against incoherent attack.The advantage of this scheme is that using W state is more little than GHZ state in energy loss and no quantum bit carrying secret message is transmitted in quantum channel.
Utilizing W state, which is much more robust than GHZ state, we propose a protocol for three-party controlled quantum secure direct communication (QSDC). The feature of this protocol is that the sender encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle states and faithfully transmits them to an arbitrary one of two receivers without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. On the other hand, we construct the efficient quantum circuit to implement the QSDC by means of primitive operations in quantum computation.