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Quantum Secure Direct Communication Protocol Based on W State

Lü Xin

Published Jan 1, 2009• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

A novel two-party quantum secure direct communication protocol was proposed.By using ordered four-particle W state as carrier of information,encoding the secret message with unitary transformation,we can directly transmit secret message with local Bell-basis measurement and classical communication.In ideal channel,the protocol is secure against incoherent attack.The advantage of this scheme is that using W state is more little than GHZ state in energy loss and no quantum bit carrying secret message is transmitted in quantum channel.

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A novel two-party quantum secure direct communication protocol was proposed.By using ordered four-particle W state as carrier of information,encoding the secret message with unitary transformation,we can directly transmit secret message with local Bell-basis measurement and classical communication.In ideal channel,the protocol is secure against incoherent attack.The advantage of this scheme is that using W state is more little than GHZ state in energy loss and no quantum bit carrying secret message is transmitted in quantum channel.
A new theoretical scheme for quantum secure direct communication is proposed, where four-qubit symmetric W state functions as quantum channel. It is shown that two legitimate users can directly transmit the secret messages by using Bell-basis measurements and classical communication. The scheme is completely secure if the quantum channel is perfect. Even if the quantum channel is unsecured, it is still possible for two users to perform their secure communication. One bit secret message can be transmitted by sending a bit classical information.
We present a new quantum secure direct communication protocol with three-particle entangled state. The communication parties utilize decoy photons to check eavesdropping. The sender encodes the secret message with unitary transformation, we can directly transmit secret message with Bell-basis measurement and Z-basis measurement. The protocol is efficient in that all entangled states are used to transmit the secret message and two bits message can be transmitted one time, the preparation of three-particle entangled state is realized technique, the protocol is feasible to operate. The protocol is also verified to be secure for a noise quantum channel.
A new three-party quantum secure direct communication protocol with authentication is proposed. The advantage of the scheme is that through authentication one can confirm the sender's legitimate identity, partially entangled states used as information carrier are easy to prepare and store, there is no need to transmit quantum states with secret message in quantum channel and two users can simultaneously communicate with the third party. In ideal channel, the protocol is secure against incoherent attack.
We propose a new protocol for deterministic secure quantum communication with a four-qubit W state. In this protocol, by using four local two-particle unitary operations and Bell basis measurements, the two legitimate users can directly transmit secret messages after exchanging some additional classical information. It will be shown that our protocol has a high capacity as each W state can carry two bits of secret information, and has a high intrinsic efficiency because almost all the instances are useful. Furthermore, this protocol is feasible with present day techniques.
We propose a simultaneous quantum secure direct communication scheme between one party and other three parties via four-particle GHZ states and swapping quantum entanglement. In the scheme, three spatially separated senders, Alice, Bob and Charlie, transmit their secret messages to a remote receiver Diana by performing a series of local operations on their respective particles according to the quadripartite stipulation. From Alice, Bob, Charlie and Diana's Bell measurement results, Diana can infer the secret messages. If a perfect quantum channel is used, the secret messages are faithfully transmitted from Alice, Bob and Charlie to Diana via initially shared pairs of four-particle GHZ states without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. As there is no transmission of the qubits carrying the secret message in the public channel, it is completely secure for the direct secret communication. This scheme can be considered as a network of communication parties where each party wants to communicate secretly with a central party or server.
This paper proposes a new three-party quantum secure direct communication protocol with authentication. The scheme uses three-particle partially entangled states and CNOT gate to encode and decode. Two users can simultaneously transmit secret message to the third party,and partially entangled states shared can be used repeatedly. In ideal channel,the protocol is secure against incoherent attack. The advantage of the scheme is that through authentication,one can confirm the client's legitimate identity,partially entangled states are easy to prepare and store in practice,and two users can simultaneously communicate with the third party.