An investigation was made of the energy, spectral, angular, and temporal characteristics of superradiance emitted by a multistage neodymium glass amplifier with a gain of ~107. Superradiance was found to affect significantly the operation of the amplifier only when the gain reached ~107– 108.
Experimental and theoretical investigations were made of amplifying properties of an active neodymium glass fiber and a regenerative amplification regime was observed. It was found that the intensity gain of such a glass-fiber optical quantum amplifier increased exponentially on increase in the pump energy and corresponded to a regenerative regime. It was found that such a regenerative amplifier could operate on pulses above a certain minimum power. The experimental value of this minimum power was 10 mW. The maximum gain achieved in these experiments was 105 when the active length of the fiber was 40 cm.
An investigation was made of the feasibility of using cavity flashlamps to develop neodymium glass amplifiers with a high gain M per pass for amplification of weak signals. Active elements made of GLS22P glass of varying diameter were inserted alternately in the internal cavity of INK-22 and INK-12 flashlamps. It was found that an increase in the density of packing the optical pumping system with the cavity flashlamps (an increase in the ratio of the radii of the active elements to the radius or the reflector) did not increase the pumping efficiency. Monitoring the effective lifetime of the excited particles established that the main reason for the fall in the amplifier efficiency with increasing pump energy (the greater the active element diameter, the steeper the fall) was the influence of superradiance processes. A gain M = 10 3 was achieved in an amplifier excited by an INK-22 cavity flashlamp with an active element 6 mm in diameter and 300 mm long (the excited part was 200 mm long) when the ratio of the stored excitation energy to the pump energy was ~ 0.015.
The results are reported of investigations into the spectral and energy characteristics of a thallium photodissociation laser, emitting due to the 7S/sub 1/2/--6P/sub 3/2/ (lambda = 535 nm) and 7S/sub 1/2/--6P/sub 1/2/ (lambda = 337.6 nm) transitions. The experiments were performed using two types of resonator, and this made it possible to increase the radiation power density above the superradiance level and to operate in two-wavelength lasing regimes. On reaching a certain power density the structure of the laser emission spectrum changed, the nature of this change being different for the different lines. A discussion of the results obtained is given.
Introduction When an electromagnetic wave propagates through amedium stimulated emissions increase the intensity of the wave, while absorptions diminish it. The overall intensity will increase if the number of stimulated emissions can be made larger than the number of absorptions. If we can create such a situation then we have built an amplifier that operates through the mechanism of stimulated emission. This laser amplifier , in common with electronic amplifiers, has useful gain only over a particular frequency bandwidth. Its operating frequency range will be determined by the lineshape of the transition, and we expect the frequency width of its useful operating range to be of the same order as the width of the lineshape. It is very important to consider how this frequencywidth is related to the various mechanisms by which transitions between different energy states of a particle are smeared out over a range of frequencies. This line broadening affects in a fundamental way not only the frequency bandwidth of the amplifier, but also its gain. A laser amplifier can be turned into an oscillator by supplying an appropriate amount of positive feedback. The level of oscillation will stabilize because the amplifier saturates. Laser amplifiers fall into two categories, which saturate in different ways. A homogeneously broadened amplifier consists of a number of amplifying particles that are essentially equivalent, whereas an inhomogeneously broadened amplifier contains amplifying particles with a distribution of amplification characteristics. Homogeneous line broadening All energy states, except the lowest energy state of a particle (the ground state) cover a range of possible energies.