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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Generation of correlated photon pairs in micro/nano-fibers

Xiaoying Li, Liang Cui, Cheng Guo, Y. H. Li, Zhongyang Xu, L. J. Wang, Wei Fang

Published May 1, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on the spontaneous four wave mixing in micro/nano-fiber (MNF), we report the generation of quantum-correlated photon pairs. The wavelengths of the signal and idler photons are in the 1310 nm and 851 nm bands, respectively. The measured ratio between the coincidence and accidental coincidence rates of signal and idler photons is up to 530. Moreover, we characterize the spectral property of the signal photons in the wavelength range of 1270-1610 nm. The results reveal that the bandwidth of the photon pairs is much greater than the theoretically expected value due to the inhomogeneity of the MNF; while the spectrum of Raman scattering in MNF is different from that in conventional optical fibers and photonic crystal fibers, which may originate from the heating used for fabricating the MNF. Our investigation shows that the MNF is a promising candidate for developing the sources of quantum light in micro- or nanometer-scales, and the spectral property of photon pairs can be used to non-invasively test the diameter and homogeneity of the MNF.

DOI
10.1117/12.2051301

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Based on the spontaneous four wave mixing in micro/nano-fiber (MNF), we report the generation of quantum-correlated photon pairs. The wavelengths of the signal and idler photons are in the 1310 nm and 851 nm bands, respectively. The measured ratio between the coincidence and accidental coincidence rates of signal and idler photons is up to 530. Moreover, we characterize the spectral property of the signal photons in the wavelength range of 1270-1610 nm. The results reveal that the bandwidth of the photon pairs is much greater than the theoretically expected value due to the inhomogeneity of the MNF; while the spectrum of Raman scattering in MNF is different from that in conventional optical fibers and photonic crystal fibers, which may originate from the heating used for fabricating the MNF. Our investigation shows that the MNF is a promising candidate for developing the sources of quantum light in micro- or nanometer-scales, and the spectral property of photon pairs can be used to non-invasively test the diameter and homogeneity of the MNF.
We study the generation of correlated photon pairs via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in a 15 cm long micro/nano-fiber (MNF). The MNF is properly fabricated to satisfy the phase-matching condition for generating the signal and idler photon pairs at wavelengths of about 1310 and 851 nm, respectively. Photon-counting measurements yield a coincidence-to-accidental ratio of 530 for a photon production rate of about 0.002 (0.0005) per pulse in the signal (idler) band. We also analyze the spectral information of the signal photons originating from SFWM and Raman scattering (RS). In addition to discovering some unique features of RS, we find the bandwidth of the individual signal photons is much greater than the calculated value for the MNF with homogeneous structure. Our investigations indicate the MNF is a promising candidate for developing the sources of nonclassical light and the spectral property of photon pairs can be used to noninvasively test the diameter and homogeneity of the MNF.
In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the generation of near-IR correlated photon pairs via Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing (SFWM) using a 13 cm-long MNF which has air-cladding waveguide structure with sub-micron diameter [1]. Since the dispersion property of optical fiber is heavily linked to its diameter, each wavelength of pair photon can be engineerable by tapering an optical fiber to the desired diameter satisfying the phase matching condition. Here, by using the tapered-MNF with 615 nm-diameter, signal and idler photons are generated at the wavelengths of 850 nm and 632 nm, respectively, in which Si-based single-photon detector has the high quantum efficiency (Q.E.) more than 50 % for both wavelengths.
We study the generation of frequency nondegenerate correlated photon pairs and heralded single photons via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in a series of identical micro- or nanofibers (MNFs). Joint spectral intensity of the biphoton field generated at wavelengths of about 880 and 1310 nm has been measured under excitation by 100-ps laser pulses demonstrating good agreement with the theoretical prediction. The measured zero-time second-order autocorrelation function was about 0.2 when the emission rate of the heralded photons was of 4 Hz. The MNF-based source perfectly matches standard single-mode fibers, which makes it compatible with the existing fiber communication networks. In addition, SFWM observation in a series of identical MNFs allows for increasing the generation rate of single photons via spatial multiplexing.
The development of quantum photonic information technology demands high-quality photon sources. Here we demonstrate a low-noise and high-speed photon source generated by the spontaneous four-wave mixing process in a micro/nanofiber (MNF). The pair generation in a MNF is tailorable by controlling its diameter and designed for creating signal and idler photons in the silicon-based detector wavelength range, yielding high detection efficiency and coincidence count rate. This MNF photon source can be coupled to other fiber systems with negligible coupling loss and can be efficiently exploited as fiber-based quantum light sources for quantum information applications.
A one-meter-long high nonlinear photonic crystal fiber is pumped by laser pulse train at room temperature, and the generated correlated idler and signal photons are centred at 830 nm and 1411 nm, respectively. The full widths at half maximum of the broad band filters of the two channel are 15 nm and 35 nm, respectively. The fitting results of single channel photon counts reveal that almost all the photons originate from spontaneous four wave mixing and the influence of Raman scattering is eliminated. When the production rate is 0.0085 photon per pulse, the ratio between coincidence rate and accidental coincidence rate is measured to be 102, which not only confirms the low noise property of the photon pair, but also shows that the photon pair are naturally narrow band, and the collecting efficiency in our experiment is high. Moreover, these high purity photon pairs connect different optical bands, and have potential applications in quantum information technologies.
Quantum-correlated photon pairs with tunable wavelength are highly desirable in a number of quantum technologies. In this letter, we demonstrate a wavelength tunable source of the correlated photon pairs based on pulse-pumped spontaneous four-wave mixing in photonic-crystal fiber. The wavelengths of the correlated signal and idler photons can be continuously tuned at room temperature by adjusting the wavelength of pump originating from an ytterbium-doped fiber laser. The tuning range of the idler photons is 757-880 nm and the range of the signal photons is 1310-1610 nm, which covers the 1310- and 1550-nm telecom bands.