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Communications in Theoretical Physics

New Approach for Calculating Tomograms of Quantum States by Virtue of the IWOP Technique

Fan Hong‐Yi, Ji‐Suo Wang

Published Mar 1, 2007• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that for tomographic approach there exist two mutual conjugate quantum states | p ,σ,τ⟩ and | x ,μ,ν⟩ (named the intermediate coordinate-momentum representation), and the two Radon transforms of the Wigner operator are just the pure-state density matrices | p ⟩ σ,τσ,τ ⟨ p | and | x ⟩ λ,νλ,ν ⟨ x | respectively. As a result, the tomogram of quantum states can be considered as the module-square of the states' wave function in these two representations. Throughout the paper we fully employ the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. In this way we establish a new convenient formalism of quantum tomogram.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/47/3/010

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We show that for tomographic approach there exist two mutual conjugate quantum states | p ,σ,τ⟩ and | x ,μ,ν⟩ (named the intermediate coordinate-momentum representation), and the two Radon transforms of the Wigner operator are just the pure-state density matrices | p ⟩ σ,τσ,τ ⟨ p | and | x ⟩ λ,νλ,ν ⟨ x | respectively. As a result, the tomogram of quantum states can be considered as the module-square of the states' wave function in these two representations. Throughout the paper we fully employ the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. In this way we establish a new convenient formalism of quantum tomogram.
By searching for Q- and P-ordering form of the coordinate-momentum intermediate representation |x⟩λ,νλ,ν⟨x| (formed by the eigenvector of λQ+νP with eigenvalue being x, Q,P=iħ), and noting that |x⟩λ,νλ,ν⟨x|=δ(x-λQ-νP) is just the Radon transformation of the Wigner operator, we find new relationship between a quantum state ψ’s tomogram and its wave function in coordinate (or momentum) representation, i.e. the tomogram can be split into two parts, one is ψq’s Gaussian integration transformation with the parameter ν and another is ψ∗p’s Gaussian integration transformation with the parameter λ. In this way, the quantum tomogram of number state is conveniently deduced. We also derive Radon transform of δ(p-P)δ(q-Q) and δ(q-Q)δ(p-P), which can be either viewed as P- and Q-ordered operator correspondence of the classical function δ(x-λq-νp).
The formulation of region operators named by D. Ellinas and A. J. Bracken [Phys. Rev. A 78, 052106 (2008)], which appears as the phase-space integration corresponding to the straight line over the Wigner operator, is manifestly improved and generalized. By virtue of the technique of integration within ordered (both normally ordered and Weyl ordered) product of operators, we show that the integration involved in the generalized region operator can be directly carried through to completion that leads to the explicit pure-state density operator |u⟩λ,τλ,τ⟨u|, where |u⟩λ,τ makes up the coordinate-momentum intermediate representation. This directly results in that the tomogram of a quantum state |ψ⟩ is just proportional to |⟨u|ψ⟩λ,τ|2, where ⟨u|ψ⟩λ,τ is the wave function of |ψ⟩ in the coordinate-momentum intermediate representation.
我们显示出那因为 tomographic 在那里来临存在二相互结合量状态| p ，σ，τ > 和| x ，μ， v > (说出中间的 coordinate-momentumrepresentation )，并且 Wigner 操作员的二氡变换只是纯状态的密度矩阵| p > _(σ，τσ，τ) _( λ， v λ， v )< x |分别地。作为结果，量状态的断层照片能被看作状态的模块平方“在这二个代表的波浪功能。在整个纸，我们充分在操作员的一个订的产品以内采用集成的技术。这样，我们建立量断层照片的一个新方便形式体系。
We construct four linear composite operators for a two-particle system and give common eigenvectors of those operators. The technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators is employed to prove that those common eigenvectors are complete and orthonormal. Therefore, a new two-mode intermediate momentum-coordinate representation which involves quantum entanglement for a two-particle system is proposed and applied to some two-body dynamic problems. Moreover, the pure-state density matrix |ξ 1 , ξ 2 〉 C,D C,D 〈ξ 1 , ξ 2 | is a Radon transform of Wigner operator.