Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Output rate of atom lasers in a Raman-type output-coupling scheme

Ying Wu, Xiaoxue Yang

Published Jun 9, 2000• 30 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a theory to derive the output rate of an atom laser consisting of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a magnetic trap and two additional rf fields transferring trapped atoms to a repelled Zeeman sublevel via an intermediate untrapped Zeeman sublevel. We explicitly obtain the dependence of the output rate ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{\mathrm{out}}$ on various characteristic parameters such as a coupling parameter (the Rabi frequency), the atom number density in the center of the condensate, and the strength of the atom-atom interaction.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.62.013603

Related papers

Output of a Pulsed Atom Laser

H. Steck, M. Naraschewski, Hartmut Wallis

We study the output properties of a pulsed atom laser consisting of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a magnetic trap and an additional rf field transferring atoms to an untrapped Zeeman sublevel. For weak output coupling we calculate the dynamics of the decaying condensate population, of its chemical potential, and the velocity of the output atoms analytically.

arXiv:quant-ph/9708014•Physical Review Letters•Jan 5, 1998•69 citations

Output Coupler for Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms

M.‐O. Mewes, Michael R. Andrews, Dan Stamper-Kurn +3 more

We have demonstrated an output coupler for Bose condensed atoms in a magnetic trap. Short pulses of rf radiation were used to create Bose condensates in a superposition of trapped and untrapped hyperfine states. The fraction of out-coupled atoms was adjusted between 0% and 100% by varying the amplitude of the rf radiation. This configuration produces output pulses of coherent atoms and can be regarded as a pulsed ``atom laser.''

Physical Review Letters•Jan 27, 1997•766 citations

Radio-frequency output coupling of the Bose-Einstein condensate for atom lasers

Y. B. Band, Paul S. Julienne, Marek Trippenbach

We develop the quantum-mechanical description of output coupling of macroscopic coherent matter waves from a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) via a radio-frequency field in the pulsed and cw limits for both strong and weak field coupling. The theory is converted into a Fock state description to point out the stimulated (in Bose particle) nature of the output coupling. A useful analogy with the theory of molecular photodissociation is used to explain the various regimes of output coupling BECs using radiation sources. We present specific calculations of the rates of output coupling as a function of the number of Bose atoms in the condensate and the frequency, detuning, and intensity of the radio-frequency field.

Physical Review A•May 1, 1999•38 citations

A Well-Collimated Quasi-Continuous Atom Laser

E. W. Hagley, L. Deng, Mikio Kozuma +4 more

Extraction of sodium atoms from a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) by a coherent, stimulated Raman process is demonstrated. Optical Raman pulses drive transitions between trapped and untrapped magnetic sublevels, giving the output-coupled BEC fraction a well-defined momentum. The pulsed output coupling can be run at such a rate that the extracted atomic wave packets strongly overlap, forming a highly directional, quasi-continuous matter wave.

Science•Mar 12, 1999•470 citations

Atom Laser with a cw Output Coupler

Immanuel Bloch, Theodor W. Hänsch, Tilman Esslinger

We demonstrate a continuous output coupler for magnetically trapped atoms. Over a period of up to 100 ms, a collimated and monoenergetic beam of atoms is continuously extracted from a Bose-Einstein condensate. The intensity and kinetic energy of the output beam of this atom laser are controlled by a weak rf field that induces spin flips between trapped and untrapped states. Furthermore, the output coupler is used to perform a spectroscopic measurement of the condensate, which reveals the spatial distribution of the magnetically trapped condensate and allows manipulation of the condensate on a micrometer scale.

arXiv:cond-mat/9812258•Physical Review Letters•Apr 12, 1999•562 citations

Generalized Two-State Theory for an Atom Laser and Its Interference

Yi Xue-Xi, Wang HaiJun, Jun-Chen Su +1 more

We present a generalized two-state theory to study the output coupler for Bose-Einstein condensate atoms and its interference. The results show that the fraction of out-coupled atoms can be adjusted between 0% and 100% by varying the amplitude of the rf. radiation, and the interference patterns of the two coherent outputs that are coupled out of a double-well trapped potential vary with time. Moreover, we study the influence of atom-atom interactions on the output Tn contrast with the case without atom-atom interactions, collapses and revivals appear in the number of the output atoms.

Communications in Theoretical Physics•Dec 15, 2000•0 citations
We present a theory to derive the output rate of an atom laser consisting of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a magnetic trap and two additional rf fields transferring trapped atoms to a repelled Zeeman sublevel via an intermediate untrapped Zeeman sublevel. We explicitly obtain the dependence of the output rate \ensuremathΓout{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{\mathrm{out}}\ensuremathΓout​ on various characteristic parameters such as a coupling parameter (the Rabi frequency), the atom number density in the center of the condensate, and the strength of the atom-atom interaction.
We develop the quantum-mechanical description of output coupling of macroscopic coherent matter waves from a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) via a radio-frequency field in the pulsed and cw limits for both strong and weak field coupling. The theory is converted into a Fock state description to point out the stimulated (in Bose particle) nature of the output coupling. A useful analogy with the theory of molecular photodissociation is used to explain the various regimes of output coupling BECs using radiation sources. We present specific calculations of the rates of output coupling as a function of the number of Bose atoms in the condensate and the frequency, detuning, and intensity of the radio-frequency field.
We demonstrate a continuous output coupler for magnetically trapped atoms. Over a period of up to 100 ms, a collimated and monoenergetic beam of atoms is continuously extracted from a Bose-Einstein condensate. The intensity and kinetic energy of the output beam of this atom laser are controlled by a weak rf field that induces spin flips between trapped and untrapped states. Furthermore, the output coupler is used to perform a spectroscopic measurement of the condensate, which reveals the spatial distribution of the magnetically trapped condensate and allows manipulation of the condensate on a micrometer scale.
We present a generalized two-state theory to study the output coupler for Bose-Einstein condensate atoms and its interference. The results show that the fraction of out-coupled atoms can be adjusted between 0% and 100% by varying the amplitude of the rf. radiation, and the interference patterns of the two coherent outputs that are coupled out of a double-well trapped potential vary with time. Moreover, we study the influence of atom-atom interactions on the output Tn contrast with the case without atom-atom interactions, collapses and revivals appear in the number of the output atoms.