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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Holographic memory device for tuning homogeneous media

G A Mirzoyan, Anton A. Vasilev, Igor N. Kompanets, V V Nikitin

Published May 31, 1974• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A holographic memory was constructed and used to store microprograms for tuning a homogeneous medium operating in conjunction with a digital computer. Holograms were recorded using a controlled transparency which made it possible to form optical tuning patterns and to project them directly onto a photodetector array of the homogeneous medium.

DOI
10.1070/qe1974v004n05abeh009288

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A holographic memory was constructed and used to store microprograms for tuning a homogeneous medium operating in conjunction with a digital computer. Holograms were recorded using a controlled transparency which made it possible to form optical tuning patterns and to project them directly onto a photodetector array of the homogeneous medium.
A programmable optical resonator is one in which a hologram assumes the role of one of the mirrors of an ordinary optical resonator. A holographic recording medium allows the optical electric field eigenmodes of the resonator to be user-defined. Interest in this kind of resonator stems from their potential as associative optical memories. When the holographic medium is a photorefractive or other real-time recording medium, the resonator can learn, recall, and forget programmed information. Recall is achieved by placing a gain medium, such as an externally pumped photorefractive crystal, inside the resonator. The gain medium excites eigenmodes of the resonator. Using LiNbO3 as the recording medium and pumped BaTiO3 as the gain medium we have been able to store and recall complicated images as eigenmodes of a resonator.
One can construct a memory having associative characteristics using optical resonators with an internal gain medium. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user prescribed eigenmodes. Information that is to be recalled is contained in the hologram. Each information entity (e.g. an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g. an image of the cat's ear) into the resonator. The appropriate eigenmode is selected through a competitive process in a gain medium placed inside the resonator. With a net gain greater than one, the gain amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode that most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed via the competition for the gain. One can expect this device to display several intriguing features such as recall transitions and creativity. I will discuss some of the general properties of this class of devices and present the results from a series of experiments with a simple holographic resonator employing photorefractive gain.
A high capacity associative memory would find applications in computing and perhaps lend some insight into the understanding of collective neural networks and human memory. In this work an entirely optical associative memory device is proposed. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user prescribed eigenmodes. Information which is to be recalled is contained in the hologram. Each information entity (e.g., an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g., an image of the cat’s ear) into the resonator. The appropriate eigenmode is selected through a competitive process in a gain medium placed inside the resonator. With a net gain greater than one, the gain amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode which most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed via the competition for the gain. The principles underlying the proposed device are outlined and the issues which must be addressed are delineated.
Persistent spectral hole burning [1] in conjunction with holography (PSHB) opens new prospects for high density optical information storage and processing. In the holographic approach, hole burning is carried out with two -crossed coherent laser beams which bleach out a narrow frequency domain hole in an inhomogeneously broadened absorption band recording, at the same time, a spatial holographic fringe pattern. During read out of the hologram diffraction from this spatial fringe pattern occurs, and a holographic image is reconstructed, reflecting the changes of the absorption coefficient and the refractive index introduced by the spectral hole [2].