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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Real-time programmable holographic optical resonators

Dana Z. Anderson

Published Jan 1, 1986• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A programmable optical resonator is one in which a hologram assumes the role of one of the mirrors of an ordinary optical resonator. A holographic recording medium allows the optical electric field eigenmodes of the resonator to be user-defined. Interest in this kind of resonator stems from their potential as associative optical memories. When the holographic medium is a photorefractive or other real-time recording medium, the resonator can learn, recall, and forget programmed information. Recall is achieved by placing a gain medium, such as an externally pumped photorefractive crystal, inside the resonator. The gain medium excites eigenmodes of the resonator. Using LiNbO3 as the recording medium and pumped BaTiO3 as the gain medium we have been able to store and recall complicated images as eigenmodes of a resonator.

DOI
10.1364/cleo.1986.fp3

Related papers

Invited Paper Optical Resonators For Associative Memory

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One can construct a memory having associative characteristics using optical resonators with an internal gain medium. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user prescribed eigenmodes. Information that is to be recalled is contained in the hologram. Each information entity (e.g. an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g. an image of the cat's ear) into the resonator. The appropriate eigenmode is selected through a competitive process in a gain medium placed inside the resonator. With a net gain greater than one, the gain amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode that most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed via the competition for the gain. One can expect this device to display several intriguing features such as recall transitions and creativity. I will discuss some of the general properties of this class of devices and present the results from a series of experiments with a simple holographic resonator employing photorefractive gain.

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A coherent optical memory is described. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user-prescribed eigenmodes. Each information entity (e.g., an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g., an image of the cat’s ear) into the resonator. A gain medium internal to the resonator amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode that most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed through a competition for the gain. A simple optical memory exhibiting associative recall is demonstrated.

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Coherent optical eigenstate memory

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A high capacity associative memory would find applications in computing and perhaps lend some insight into the understanding of collective neural networks and human memory. In this work an entirely optical associative memory device is proposed. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user prescribed eigenmodes. Information which is to be recalled is contained in the hologram. Each information entity (e.g., an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g., an image of the cat’s ear) into the resonator. The appropriate eigenmode is selected through a competitive process in a gain medium placed inside the resonator. With a net gain greater than one, the gain amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode which most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed via the competition for the gain. The principles underlying the proposed device are outlined and the issues which must be addressed are delineated.

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Real-time all-optical associative memory

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We have proposed and demonstrated a real-time all-optical associative memory system which combines Fe:LiNbO3 crystal holographic memory element and phase conjugate mirror (PCM). The PCM was produced by BaTiO3 crystal self-pumped phase conjugate whose reflectivity is enhanced by two-wave mixing. Analysis and preliminary experiments are given.

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Self induced coherent light resonators with photorefractive KNbO3crystals

Gilles Pauliat, M. Ingold, Germano Montemezzani +1 more

Associative optical memories have attracted increasing interest as they can offer new, all-optical solutions to various problems, for example in pattern recognition. In such memories, stored informations are retrieved from partial or noisy inputs. An optical laser resonator can act as such an associative processor. Using holograms, different images are associated to each of the modes of the optical cavity. Thus a partial input image can force the resonator to oscillate on the closest stored information. Two wave mixing arrangements in photorefractive crystals, which provide very large amplification factors, can be used to overcome the large losses inherent to these resonators.

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Study of LiNbO 3 in optical associative memory

Xiao L. Yuan, Mohammed R. Sayeh

Lithium niobate crystal has been used for storing information that can be accessed through an associative recall. This fact demonstrates the application of the crystal to the optical memory. specifically In an optical ring resonator. One important factor that determines the recall ability is the diffraction efficiency. Particularly this quantity Is also a function of the polarization of the readout beam. The diffraction efficiency of the crystal Is significant If the sufficient build-up of power in the real-time programmable ring resonator is required. To this end this paper is concentrated on the study of the dependency of diffraction efficiency on the polarization of recall beam. Experimental results are also given to indicate the significance of orientation of c-axis of the crystal in the experimental configuration. 2.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 1, 1991•1 citation
A programmable optical resonator is one in which a hologram assumes the role of one of the mirrors of an ordinary optical resonator. A holographic recording medium allows the optical electric field eigenmodes of the resonator to be user-defined. Interest in this kind of resonator stems from their potential as associative optical memories. When the holographic medium is a photorefractive or other real-time recording medium, the resonator can learn, recall, and forget programmed information. Recall is achieved by placing a gain medium, such as an externally pumped photorefractive crystal, inside the resonator. The gain medium excites eigenmodes of the resonator. Using LiNbO3 as the recording medium and pumped BaTiO3 as the gain medium we have been able to store and recall complicated images as eigenmodes of a resonator.
One can construct a memory having associative characteristics using optical resonators with an internal gain medium. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user prescribed eigenmodes. Information that is to be recalled is contained in the hologram. Each information entity (e.g. an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g. an image of the cat's ear) into the resonator. The appropriate eigenmode is selected through a competitive process in a gain medium placed inside the resonator. With a net gain greater than one, the gain amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode that most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed via the competition for the gain. One can expect this device to display several intriguing features such as recall transitions and creativity. I will discuss some of the general properties of this class of devices and present the results from a series of experiments with a simple holographic resonator employing photorefractive gain.
A coherent optical memory is described. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user-prescribed eigenmodes. Each information entity (e.g., an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g., an image of the cat’s ear) into the resonator. A gain medium internal to the resonator amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode that most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed through a competition for the gain. A simple optical memory exhibiting associative recall is demonstrated.
A high capacity associative memory would find applications in computing and perhaps lend some insight into the understanding of collective neural networks and human memory. In this work an entirely optical associative memory device is proposed. The device operates on the principle that an optical resonator employing a holographic grating can have user prescribed eigenmodes. Information which is to be recalled is contained in the hologram. Each information entity (e.g., an image of a cat) defines an eigenmode of the resonator. The stored information is accessed by injecting partial information (e.g., an image of the cat’s ear) into the resonator. The appropriate eigenmode is selected through a competitive process in a gain medium placed inside the resonator. With a net gain greater than one, the gain amplifies the field belonging to the eigenmode which most resembles the injected field; the other eigenmodes are suppressed via the competition for the gain. The principles underlying the proposed device are outlined and the issues which must be addressed are delineated.
Associative optical memories have attracted increasing interest as they can offer new, all-optical solutions to various problems, for example in pattern recognition. In such memories, stored informations are retrieved from partial or noisy inputs. An optical laser resonator can act as such an associative processor. Using holograms, different images are associated to each of the modes of the optical cavity. Thus a partial input image can force the resonator to oscillate on the closest stored information. Two wave mixing arrangements in photorefractive crystals, which provide very large amplification factors, can be used to overcome the large losses inherent to these resonators.
Lithium niobate crystal has been used for storing information that can be accessed through an associative recall. This fact demonstrates the application of the crystal to the optical memory. specifically In an optical ring resonator. One important factor that determines the recall ability is the diffraction efficiency. Particularly this quantity Is also a function of the polarization of the readout beam. The diffraction efficiency of the crystal Is significant If the sufficient build-up of power in the real-time programmable ring resonator is required. To this end this paper is concentrated on the study of the dependency of diffraction efficiency on the polarization of recall beam. Experimental results are also given to indicate the significance of orientation of c-axis of the crystal in the experimental configuration. 2.