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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Nonlinear hologram recording in resonant media and optical control of diffraction efficiency

Alexei L. Tolstik, Omar A. Ormachea

Published May 20, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The schemes for nonlinear recording of dynamic holograms in multilevel resonant media, in conditions when the fifth- and higher-order nonlinearities are exhibited, have been studied both theoretically and experimentally. The optical methods to control the diffraction efficiency of nonlinear dynamic holograms with the use of an additional light beam tuned out into the absorption band from the ground or excited state of the molecules have been considered.

DOI
10.1117/12.677300

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The schemes for nonlinear recording of dynamic holograms in multilevel resonant media, in conditions when the fifth- and higher-order nonlinearities are exhibited, have been studied both theoretically and experimentally. The optical methods to control the diffraction efficiency of nonlinear dynamic holograms with the use of an additional light beam tuned out into the absorption band from the ground or excited state of the molecules have been considered.
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The potentialities of diffraction methods for wavefront transformations may be considerably widened due to the use of nonlinear recording of dynamic holograms enabling multiwave mixing in media with the fifth and higher order nonlinearities. There is a great variety of such media including the resonant ones for which the presence of higher order nonlinearities is conditioned by the absorption saturation effect and transitions between different excited states of the molecules. However, in the majority of previous studies of multiwave mixing the resonant medium approximation has been used disregarding the induced anisotropy effect. This work presents a theoretical model and experimental studies of the energy efficiency of multiwave mixing in complex molecular media exhibiting higher order nonlinearities, in two cases: when the nonlinear cavity is introduced in the Fabry-Perot interferometer (IFP), and without it. Owing to the use of different combinations of mutually aligning polarizations for interacting waves, one is enabled to determine the contribution into the interaction efficiency by various dynamic gratings and nonlinearity mechanisms. The role of polarization gratings resultant from spatial modulation of the light field polarization state at the orthogonal polarization of the hologram recording waves has been established. Comparisons between the contributions of the above gratings and “normal” gratings recorded by identically polarized light beams into the process of multiwave mixing have demonstrated that the relation of these contributions is dependent on the intensity of interacting waves, and also it has been found that polarization of the diffracted wave is dependent on the diffraction order.
This work presents theoretical and experimental studies of the energy efficiency of multiwave mixing in complex molecular media (dye solutions) exhibiting higher order nonlinearities. There is a great variety of such media, including the resonance ones revealing nonlinearities of higher orders due to the absorption saturation effect and transitions between different excited states of the molecules. However, the majority of previous studies of multiwave mixing have been performed in the resonant medium approximation disregarding the induced anisotropy effect. A new method for enhancement of multiwave mixing in solutions of laser dyes has been proposed and substantiated with the use of lasing as an additional light beam, whose absorption by the molecules in the excited states leads to the formation of thermal dynamic gratings resultant in the improved efficiency of the energy exchange. The theoretical models for the formation of nonlinear dynamic holograms adequately describing the control process over multiwave mixing by an independent light beam, the frequency of which is tuned into the induced absorption band from the molecules in the excited state, have been developed. Polarization multiwave mixing has been realized in Rhodamine-6G dye solution using nonlinearities up to the ninth order inclusive. It has been demonstrated that on orthogonal polarization of the hologram recording waves the diffraction efficiency is lowered by one-two orders, the diffracted wave polarization being dependent on the diffraction order (the polarization plane alignment is identical within the orders of the same evenness).
In the present work consideration is given to theoretical and experimental analysis of the possibilities for improving the efficiency of multiwave mixing in the process of dynamic hologram recording in solutions of complex organic compounds with additional irradiation of resonant medium at a frequency falling within the absorption band from the excited level. Three- and seven-fold increase in the diffraction efficiency has been realized in Rhodamine 6G dye for four- and six-wave missing, respectively.
This work presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies into the processes of light field transformations upon multiwave mixing. The principal aim is to develop a theory of multiwave mixing in complex molecular media in conditions of exhibited internal (scattering from dynamic gratings) and external (resonator) feedback, to determine a mechanism of light field transformations at the dynamic holograms and by nonlinear interferometers, to work out and introduce into practice novel nonlinear-optical methods for the control over the energy and spatial-temporal characteristics of light beams. The possibilities for phase conjugation with simultaneous frequency conversion of a signal wave are analyzed. The methods aimed at the realization of various types of optical bistability, spatial hysteresis, regular and chaotic intensity oscillations are proposed and investigated.