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Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Reservoir-induced transparency and coherent population trapping

Chunguang Du, Zhengfeng Hu, Shiqun Li

Published Apr 27, 2004• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We analytically and numerically investigate the response of an open Λ-type atomic system to a probe laser field, where one of the atomic transition is coupled with a double-band radiation reservoir and high- Q defect modes formed by atomic doping. This system can be transparent to a weak probe field being two-photon resonant with the frequency of the defect modes or one of the two band edges, and the high- Q defect modes can even induce an atom–field coherent population trapping (CPT) state without involving the excited state of the atom, in spite of the background decay of the excited state of the atom. The steady-state properties of this CPT are independent of the smoothness feature of the density of modes (DOM) at band edges. However, the CPT never occurs in the absence of any defect even if the DOM is singular at both band edges. We also find that the background decay of the second ground state of the atom will destroy the CPT and increase the probe absorption, but the atomic coherence induced by the defect modes is more robust than that induced by the band edges. The transient properties of the CPT are also studied.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/6/7/001

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We analytically and numerically investigate the response of an open Λ-type atomic system to a probe laser field, where one of the atomic transition is coupled with a double-band radiation reservoir and high- Q defect modes formed by atomic doping. This system can be transparent to a weak probe field being two-photon resonant with the frequency of the defect modes or one of the two band edges, and the high- Q defect modes can even induce an atom–field coherent population trapping (CPT) state without involving the excited state of the atom, in spite of the background decay of the excited state of the atom. The steady-state properties of this CPT are independent of the smoothness feature of the density of modes (DOM) at band edges. However, the CPT never occurs in the absence of any defect even if the DOM is singular at both band edges. We also find that the background decay of the second ground state of the atom will destroy the CPT and increase the probe absorption, but the atomic coherence induced by the defect modes is more robust than that induced by the band edges. The transient properties of the CPT are also studied.
We investigate the dispersive property of a Λ-type atomic system embedded in photonic band gap structures. The atomic coherence is established by the structured reservoir which consists of a double-band photonic band gap (PBG) and defect modes. With an atomic density of 7×10 15 atoms/cm 3 , the group velocity of a probe laser being detuned far away from the gap is shown to be reduced to 3×10 2 m/s near the transparency window associated with the PBG edges and 6×10 3 m/s at the transparency window associated with the defect modes, without using any deriving field. The influence of the smoothness of the density of modes and the decay rate of the second ground state of atoms are analysed.
We investigate the dispersive property of a A-type atomic system embedded in photonic band gap structures. The atomic coherence is established by the structured reservoir which consists of a double-band photonic band gap (PBG) and defect modes. With an atomic density of 7×10^15 atoms/cm^3, the group velocity of a probe laser being detuned far away from the gap is shown to be reduced to 3×10^2 m/s near the transparency window associated with the PBG edges and 6×10^3 m/s at the transparency window associated with the defect modes, without using any deriving field. The influence of the smoothness of the density of modes and the decay rate of the second ground state of atoms are analysed.
We present a general formalism for studying the interaction between laser fields and degenerate-Zeeman-sublevel atoms correct up to the first order in the weak probe field. We derive from this theory the equations of motion for a \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type system involving S1/2{\mathit{S}}_{1/2}S1/2​, F=2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}P1/2{\mathit{P}}_{1/2}P1/2​, F\ensuremath{'}=1\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}S1/2{\mathit{S}}_{1/2}S1/2​, F=1 transitions in 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms. These equations are used to numerically investigate the coherent population trapping (CPT) schemes in the S1/2{\mathit{S}}_{1/2}S1/2​, F=2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}P1/2{\mathit{P}}_{1/2}P1/2​, F\ensuremath{'}=1 transition induced by a linearly polarized pumping field and the electromagnetically induced transparency exhibited in the weak probe spectrum in the S1/2{\mathit{S}}_{1/2}S1/2​, F=1\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}P1/2{\mathit{P}}_{1/2}P1/2​, F\ensuremath{'}=1 transition. We discuss the effects of the CPT on the probe spectrum with and without the Doppler broadenings by comparing the probe spectrum derived from the real system with that derived from an ideal \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type system. We show that the atoms in the CPT states are shielded from interacting with the probe field while those in the absorbent states make contributions to the weak probe by the Raman anti-Stokes process, and the effect of the real system on the probe field becomes equivalent to the ideal \ensuremath{\Lambda} system only in the strong CPT parameter regime. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We investigate the transient response of a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type system with one transition decaying to a modified radiation reservoir with an inverse square-root singular density of modes at threshold, under conditions of transparency. We calculate the time evolution of the linear susceptibility for the probe laser field and show that, depending on the strength of the coupling to the modified vacuum and the background decay, the probe transmission can exhibit behavior ranging from underdamped to overdamped oscillations. Transient gain without population inversion is also possible depending on the system's parameters.