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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Optical pumping-induced population grating transfer in cold cesium atoms

George C. Cardoso, V.R. Carvalho, S. S. Vianna, J. W. R. Tabosa

Published Nov 27, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given.We report on the observation of nondegenerate four-wave mixing (NDFWM) in cold atoms via optical pumping-induced population grating transfer between the hyperfine levels of the cesium D/sub 2/ line. Our experiment was performed with cold Cs atoms. The generated phase conjugate (PC) beam, which is nearly counterpropagating with the probe beam, is directly detected by a photodiode.

DOI
10.1109/iqec.1998.680276

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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•Jun 7, 1996•0 citations
Summary form only given.We report on the observation of nondegenerate four-wave mixing (NDFWM) in cold atoms via optical pumping-induced population grating transfer between the hyperfine levels of the cesium D/sub 2/ line. Our experiment was performed with cold Cs atoms. The generated phase conjugate (PC) beam, which is nearly counterpropagating with the probe beam, is directly detected by a photodiode.
Optical-pumping-induced population-grating transfer between hyperfine levels of the cesium D2{D}_{2}D2​ line is observed through four-wave mixing in a sample of cold atoms. Diffraction efficiencies of order of 1% have been measured for a large range of angular apertures. We have studied the angular dependence of the diffracted signal in the limit of small atomic velocities and discussed its application for a nondestructive diagnostic of the trap dynamic. Image processing with nearly degenerate frequency conversion was also demonstrated using this specific mechanism.
Summary form only given. Resonant cold atomic samples are known to provide an efficient medium for the study of nonlinear optical processes such as four-wave-mixing (FWM) and phase conjugation (PC). Although this system is frequently modeled as an homogeneous sample of two-level atoms, the actual nonlinear response strongly depends on the internal structure (Zeeman degeneracy) of the atomic energy levels and consequently on the polarizations of the optical fields. We have studied the spectra of quasi-degenerate PC on the 6S/sub 1/2/(F=4)-6P/sub 3/2/(F=5) transition of cold Cs atoms for different optical polarizations. The atomic sample was obtained in a magneto-optical trap. The spectra where recorded within a 1 ms time interval during which the trapping light beams were blocked and the quadrupole magnetic field was turned off. We used a backwards FWM scheme with two counter-propagating pump beams and a probe beam. The PC signal propagates in opposite direction respect to the probe beam. Typical PC spectra as a function of frequency offset are shown for probe beam polarization parallel and perpendicular to pump polarization. Large differences are observed between these two cases demonstrating the crucial role of the Zeeman degeneracy on the atomic response. The experimental spectra are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions for FWM generation in degenerate two-level atoms.
Summary form only given. Previously, we have used four-wave mixing via coherent population trapping to achieve optical phase conjugation (OPC) with high gain, using two dye lasers and a sodium vapor cell. The /spl Lambda/ transition used involved the two hyperfine ground states and one excited state, so that two different optical frequencies were needed to satisfy the two-photon resonant condition between the probe and one of the pump beams. Later, we demonstrated in rubidium that a single hyperfine transition with Zeeman sublevels is enough to achieve OPC with equally high gain, thus eliminating the need for high-frequency sideband generation. However, in order to guarantee that the diffraction from the grating is primarily dispersive, the backward pump beam had to be detuned by about 60 MHz from the probe and the forward pump. One of the key disadvantages of such a nondegenerate scheme is that applications such as phase-conjugate mirrors are hard to implement. Here, we report the observation of optical phase conjugation in rubidium with equally high gain, but all the frequencies are degenerate.