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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Optical phase conjugation and nonlinear spectroscopy in cold cesium atoms using a noncyclic transition

J. W. R. Tabosa, S. S. Vianna, F. A. M. de Oliveira

Published Jun 7, 1996• 0 citations
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Abstract

We have employed a sample of cold cesium atoms obtained from a magneto-optical trap to study four-wave-mixing optical phase conjugation and in particular to perform nonlinear spectroscopy in a three-level, V-type system. The presence of the strongly saturating trapping beams allows us to observe directly the AC Stark splitting of the cesium 6S/sub 1/2/,F=4 ground state. To trap the cesium atoms we have used the four-beam trap configuration.

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Chinese Physics Letters•Jan 1, 2010•1 citation
We have employed a sample of cold cesium atoms obtained from a magneto-optical trap to study four-wave-mixing optical phase conjugation and in particular to perform nonlinear spectroscopy in a three-level, V-type system. The presence of the strongly saturating trapping beams allows us to observe directly the AC Stark splitting of the cesium 6S/sub 1/2/,F=4 ground state. To trap the cesium atoms we have used the four-beam trap configuration.
We have employed a sample of cold cesium atoms in a magneto-optical trap to study nonlinear spectroscopy and four-wave-mixing optical phase conjugation using a noncycling transition. Reflectivities of the order of 1% have been measured for moderate levels of pump power and large angular aperture. In particular, we have performed nonlinear spectroscopy in a three-level V-type system and observed directly the ac Stark splitting of the cesium 6S1/2{6\mathrm{S}}_{1\mathrm{/}2}6S1/2​, F=4 ground state.
Summary form only given. Resonant cold atomic samples are known to provide an efficient medium for the study of nonlinear optical processes such as four-wave-mixing (FWM) and phase conjugation (PC). Although this system is frequently modeled as an homogeneous sample of two-level atoms, the actual nonlinear response strongly depends on the internal structure (Zeeman degeneracy) of the atomic energy levels and consequently on the polarizations of the optical fields. We have studied the spectra of quasi-degenerate PC on the 6S/sub 1/2/(F=4)-6P/sub 3/2/(F=5) transition of cold Cs atoms for different optical polarizations. The atomic sample was obtained in a magneto-optical trap. The spectra where recorded within a 1 ms time interval during which the trapping light beams were blocked and the quadrupole magnetic field was turned off. We used a backwards FWM scheme with two counter-propagating pump beams and a probe beam. The PC signal propagates in opposite direction respect to the probe beam. Typical PC spectra as a function of frequency offset are shown for probe beam polarization parallel and perpendicular to pump polarization. Large differences are observed between these two cases demonstrating the crucial role of the Zeeman degeneracy on the atomic response. The experimental spectra are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions for FWM generation in degenerate two-level atoms.
Nonlinear spectroscopy of cold atoms has recently been reported for a sample of cesium atoms confined in a magnetooptical trap.1,2 In particular, we report measurements of the spectral response of the cold sample to a weak probe beam for a range of detunings and power for the saturating trapping beams. Transmission spectra for the probe beam reveal the presence of broad absorption and gain features as well as narrow resonances. The power dependence of the broad part of the spectrum can be reasonably well described by earlier work for two-level atoms in a strong field.3 However, narrow dispersive shaped features around the frequency of the trapping beams are also observed and can have appreciable single pass gain (>20%). An exploration of the correlation between the narrow spectroscopic features and the mechanical properties of the atomic sample leads to the observation of both positive and negative radiation pressure associated with stimulated absorption from and emission to the probe beam.