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Advances in Optical Sciences Congress

Complete broadening compensation in a slow light system using a non-linear regeneration element

Sanghoon Chin, Miguel González‐Herráez, Luc Thévenaz A

Published Jan 1, 2009• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate experimentally a new configuration to realize zero-broadening slow light. The inevitable pulse broadening in the slow light medium was completely compensated by a nonlinear regeneration element. Experimental results show 1.3-bit delays without distortion.
DOI
10.1364/nlo.2009.jwb2

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Advances in Optical Sciences Congress•Jan 1, 2009•0 citations
The dispersion experienced by a signal in a slow light system leads to a significant pulse broadening and sets a limit to the maximum delay actually achievable by the system. To overcome this limitation, a substantial research effort is currently being carried out, and successful strategies to reduce distortion in linear slow light systems have already been demonstrated. Recent theoretical and experimental works have even claimed the achievement of zero-broadening of pulses in these systems. In this work we obtain some physical limits to broadening compensation in linear slow light systems based on simple Fourier analysis. We show that gain and dispersion broadening can never compensate in such a system. Additionally, it is simply proven that all the linear slow light systems that introduce a low-pass filtering of the signal (a reduction in the signal root-mean- square spectral width), will always cause pulse broadening. These demonstrations are done using a rigorous shape-independent definition of pulse width (the root-mean-square temporal width) and arguments borrowed from time-frequency analysis.
We study analytically pulse distortion in linear slow light systems, and provide some useful limits on these devices. Additionally, we also show that the contributions of phase and amplitude broadening can be de-coupled and quantified. It is observed that phase broadening is generally smaller than amplitude broadening in conventional slow light media (lorentzian gain profile) except for very large fractional delays, where it becomes larger. Upon these expressions, we may envisage new strategies to minimize the distortion in the delaying of pulses, depending on the specific application and the required fractional delay. To overcome the residual distortion, we show that nonlinear systems can lead to a resharpening of the pulses and a re-generation of the filtered frequencies.
The manipulation of the velocity of optical pulses in fibers by so-called slow-light systems seems to be very promising for future all-optical networks, but actual approaches suffer from an inevitable pulse broadening due to the delay process. In this article two different methods for the achievement of zero-broadening in Brillouin based slow-light systems are compared in theory and experiment. While one system works in the saturated regime of a Brillouin amplifier the other works in its linear regime. Both approaches fully avoid the system inherent broadening of conventional slow-light delays and can therefore extend such systems to increase their efficiency significantly. (6 pages)
To change the group velocity of optical signals has a lot of possible applications in telecommunications, sensing, nonlinear optics and so on. Especially the exploitation of the effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fibers is of special interest since it just requires standard telecom equipment and low to moderate optical power. However, each delay in one single, low-gain SBS based slow-light system is accompanied by pulse broadening. This is a result of the inherent Kramers-Kronig relations between the gain, the phase-change and the accompanied group velocity. For an ideal flat gain the phase-change is non-ideal, and for an ideal phase-change the gain curve leads to a broadening. Furthermore, if the gain bandwidth is broadened in order to adapt it to the signal, the delay will be reduced. Thus, for one single low-gain slow-light system the broadening can be reduced by several methods but it cannot be zero. Here we will show how a zero-broadening SBS based slow-light system can be achieved by two different methods. The basic idea is a reshaping of the original pulse by an adapted gain in a second stage. This adaptation is achieved by the superposition of two Gaussian gain profiles or by a single saturated gain. As will be shown, these systems show an almost ideal over-all gain and phase function over the bandwidth of the pulses. Thus, SBS based slow-light with a delaybandwidth product of more than 1 bit and zero distortion is possible.