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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Quantum noise in Bose-Einstein condensates

M. K. Olsen, Lev I. Plimak, P. D. Drummond, R. Graham, S. M. Tan, Matthew J. Collett, Daniel F. Walls

Published Nov 27, 2002• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given.Experimental techniques for the production and manipulation of Bose-Einstein condensates have now advanced to the stage where macroscopic coherence effects have been observed. The usual method for theoretical investigation of the bulk properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate with collisions is to use the Gross-Pitaevski equation, which ignores any contribution made by quantum noise within a condensate.

DOI
10.1109/iqec.1998.680138

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Summary form only given.Experimental techniques for the production and manipulation of Bose-Einstein condensates have now advanced to the stage where macroscopic coherence effects have been observed. The usual method for theoretical investigation of the bulk properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate with collisions is to use the Gross-Pitaevski equation, which ignores any contribution made by quantum noise within a condensate.
Summary form only given. The experimental discovery of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute alkali atomic gases has revolutionized the field of macroscopic quantum coherence. Further, fundamental issues like symmetry breaking, collapse and revival of macroscopic wavefunctions can perhaps now be tested in an experimentally controllable way. A further step in the control and study of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) has been the creation of spinor condensates-BEC in different spin states-through optical confinement and has led to considerable theoretical activity.
This article reviews recent investigations on the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation of dilute gases. Since the experimental observation of quantum degeneracy in atomic gases, the research activity in the field of coherent matter-waves literally exploded. The present topical review aims to give an introduction into the thermodynamics of Bose-Einstein condensation, a general overview over experimental techniques and investigations, and a theoretical foundation for the description of bosonic many-body quantum systems.
The effect of noise induced by gravitons on a Bose-Einstein condensate has been explored in Sen and Gangopadhyay [Probing the quantum nature of gravity using a Bose-Einstein condensate, ]. In the previous paper, we investigated the effects of graviton while detecting a gravitational wave using a Bose-Einstein condensate. In this work, we shall explicitly calculate the decoherence due to the noise of gravitons for maximally entangled momentum states of the Bose-Einstein condensate. This decoherence happens due to bremsstrahlung from the Bose-Einstein condensates due to the effect of the noise induced by gravitons. It is observed that the maximally entangled state becomes entangled with the graviton state and it decays over time as a result of this gravitational bremsstrahlung. This new entangled state is termed as a Bose-Einstein supercondensate. Using this property of the Bose-Einstein condensate in a quantum gravity background, we propose an experimental test via the use of atom lasers (generated from the condensate) which would, in principle, help to detect gravitons in future generations of very advanced ultracold temperature experiments.
Summary form only given. The recent experimental observation of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of trapped, dilute gas of alkali atoms, and their manipulation have opened a new chapter in the physics of systems involving the interplay of macroscopics and quantum coherence. Here, we study the 'secondary' quantum effects, i.e., the quantum corrections to the semi-classical Gross-Pitaevskii equation, for two weakly-linked Bose-Einstein condensates. We hence generalize the Josephson current-phase relations by including the effects of quantum fluctuations of the pertinent observables. Such equations will also describe the quantum fluctuations in the Josephson dynamics between two weakly linked mesoscopic superconducting grains.