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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Near-field optical detection of atoms with high sensitivity and high spatial resolution

Hajime Ito, K. Totsuka, Tatsurou Kawamura, Takashi Yatsui, Motoichi Ohtsu

Published Nov 13, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We describe an atom detector with two-color optical near fields designed for deflection experiments. The sensitivity is estimated to be about 10% for both photoionization and resonant excitation schemes using a slit-type probe.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2001.967950

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Summary form only given. We have proposed deflection by an optical near field on a fiber probe to control atoms with high spatial accuracy. In this case, the deflection angle is estimated to be 0.1 degree for a Rb atom with an incident velocity of 10 m/s. It leads to the deviation of 10 /spl mu/m from the incident axis at 1 cm. in the downstream. To detect the deflected atoms with an accuracy of 1%, we need the spatial resolution of 100 nm. However, a commercial detector such as MCP has a low resolution of 50 /spl mu/m at most and the highest resolution that has been reported is 1 /spl mu/m to our knowledge. In addition, these are applied to metastable atoms and have less detection efficiency for the ground state atoms we manipulate. For drastic improvement, we present here a slit-type atom detector with a nanometric lateral resolution. Since the number of atoms deflected by the optical near field is very small, it is important to detect atoms with high efficiency. For this purpose, we use photoionization with two-color optical near fields.
We describe a slit-type detector for ground-state atoms with nanometer optical near fields. The detector with a slit width of 70 nm and a slit length of 100 µm is fabricated by processing a silicon-on-insulator wafer with photolithography and anisotropic etching. Measurement with a fiber probe of the intensity distribution on the slit reveals that the spatial resolution is 96 nm. Rubidium atoms can be selectively detected by means of two-step photoionization. The detection efficiency is estimated at 25% for Rb atoms with a mean velocity of 10 m/s. The atom detector can be used for atom deflection experiments with a fiber probe.