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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Methods for Non-destructive Temperature Measurements in a Magneto-Optical Trap

Frank A. Narducci, D. Duncan, Grady R. White, J. D. Lough, Jon P. Davis

Published May 22, 2009• 0 citations
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The measurement of the optical phase of far-detuned laser light by phase modulation spectroscopy is promising as a non-destructive probe of the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates. We have developed the experimental technique on a room-temperature Cs vapour cell, and a Cs magneto-optical trap (MOT). We measure column densities with an accuracy better than 7%. A numerical model, including Doppler broadening and transitions between all relevant hyperfine levels, accurately describes the data from the Cs cell. The same model without Doppler broadening gives quantitative agreement with measurements from the Cs MOT. We show that the conditions needed for non-destructive measurements of BEC dynamics are achievable with conventional equipment and a simple, robust experimental setup.
The photoassociation (PA) of rubidium dimer (Rb2) in a dark magneto-optic trap (MOT) is studied using atom-cavity collective strong coupling. This allows non-destructive detection of the molecule formation process as well as rapid and repeated interrogation of the atom-molecule system. The vacuum Rabi splitting (VRS) measurements from the bright MOT are carefully calibrated against equivalent measurements with fluorescence. Further loading rates in dark MOT are determined using VRS. This method provides a reliable, fast, and non-destructive detection scheme for ultracold molecules when the atoms are non-fluorescing using the free atoms coupled to a cavity.