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AIP conference proceedings

Anomalous Time Evolution of Exciton Coherence in Highly-stacked InAs Quantum Dots

Junko Ishi‐Hayase, Kouichi Akahane, Naokatsu Yamamoto, Mamiko Kujiraoka, Kazuhiro Ema, Masahide Sasaki

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We perform a transient four‐wave mixing experiment to investigate the initial dynamics of the time evolution of exciton coherence in highly‐stacked InAs quantum dots. For short time delays, an oscillatory behavior with a period of 31 ps is observed only in the weak excitation regime. The excitation density and polarization dependence of this oscillation cannot be explained by the usual quantum beat phenomena such as biexcitonic and bright excitonic beats.

DOI
10.1063/1.2730219

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We perform a transient four‐wave mixing experiment to investigate the initial dynamics of the time evolution of exciton coherence in highly‐stacked InAs quantum dots. For short time delays, an oscillatory behavior with a period of 31 ps is observed only in the weak excitation regime. The excitation density and polarization dependence of this oscillation cannot be explained by the usual quantum beat phenomena such as biexcitonic and bright excitonic beats.
Transient differential transmission measurements were performed to study coherent dynamics involving the biexciton resonance confined in a single GaAs\mathrm{GaAs}GaAs quantum dot. When laser pulses with sufficient bandwidth were tuned to cover both the exciton and biexciton transitions, an oscillatory behavior in the probe transmission was observed. These oscillations persist only as long as the pump and probe pulses overlap in time, in contrast to the usual quantum beat phenomena.
A detailed understanding of the population and coherence dynamics in optically driven individual emitters in solids and their signatures in ultrafast nonlinear-optical signals is of prime importance for their applications in future quantum and optical technologies. In a combined experimental and theoretical study on exciton complexes in single semiconductor quantum dots we reveal a detailed picture of the dynamics employing three-beam polarization-resolved four-wave mixing (FWM) micro-spectroscopy. The oscillatory dynamics of the FWM signals in the exciton-biexciton system is governed by the fine-structure splitting and the biexciton binding energy in an excellent quantitative agreement between measurement and analytical description. The analysis of the excitation conditions exhibits a dependence of the dynamics on the specific choice of polarization configuration, pulse areas and temporal ordering of driving fields. The interplay between the transitions in the four-level exciton system leads to rich evolution of coherence and population. Using two-dimensional FWM spectroscopy we elucidate the exciton-biexciton coupling and identify neutral and charged exciton complexes in a single quantum dot. Our investigations thus clearly reveal that FWM spectroscopy is a powerful tool to characterize spectral and dynamical properties of single quantum structures.
We report the generation of undamped exciton-biexciton beats for coherent dynamics of excitons in InAs quantum dots at telecommunication wavelengths. The exciton-biexciton beat is damped rapidly in four-wave mixing measurements, but a six-wave mixing technique with three excitation pulses enables us to regenerate and control the exciton-biexciton beat perfectly. We have demonstrated the complete regeneration of the exciton-biexciton beat by adjusting the delay time between the first and second excitation pulses. This approach is different from conventional coherent control in quantum dots. Furthermore, the initial phase of the exciton-biexciton beat is controlled by using this technique. We show that the generation of undamped beats is a powerful tool for controlling quantum states.
The homodyne-detected transient four-wave-mixing response of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots shows temporal oscillations of the optically induced Raman coherence arising from two entangled polarization eigenstates of the exciton. The phase sensitive nature of the homodyne detection enables us to follow the time evolution of the nonradiative quantum coherence between the polarization states, providing a measurement of the fine-structure splitting in the dots, which is much less than the inhomogeneous broadening, and the corresponding decoherence rate of the entangled state.
We investigate the dephasing of excitons in InAs self-assembled quantum dots by using a transient four-wave-mixing technique. A used sample is specially designed to compensate the strain. We observe long-lived coherence of excitons at 5 K which corresponds to the dephasing time longer than a nanosecond, where the photon energy of the excitation pulse is 0.874~eV. We find that a pure dephasing due to exciton-phonon interactions dominates in the exciton dephasing rather than the population decay and the exciton-exciton interaction in the weak excitation region, by analyzing the population lifetime and the polarization-dependent dephasing time.