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Journal of Optical Communications

Studying Two-contact Bistable Diode Lasers with Wavelength Dependent Rate Equations

Z. Wu, G. Xia, J. Chen

Published Jan 1, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Within the frame of the mean-field single-mode approximation, taking into account the fact that the peak wavelengths of the gain profiles of the pump and absorption regions of two-contact absorption bistable laser diodes (TABLs) are different due to the difference of the carrier densities of the two regions, Lorentzian functions describing the gain profiles of the two regions have been restored in the rate equations applicable to TABLs. Taking into consideration that the output wavelength reflect the peak wavelength of the overall gain, an extra equation has been added to the rate equations. As a result, various characteristics of TABLs including the output wavelength have been investigated.

DOI
10.1515/joc.1996.17.6.225

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Within the frame of the mean-field single-mode approximation, taking into account the fact that the peak wavelengths of the gain profiles of the pump and absorption regions of two-contact absorption bistable laser diodes (TABLs) are different due to the difference of the carrier densities of the two regions, Lorentzian functions describing the gain profiles of the two regions have been restored in the rate equations applicable to TABLs. Taking into consideration that the output wavelength reflect the peak wavelength of the overall gain, an extra equation has been added to the rate equations. As a result, various characteristics of TABLs including the output wavelength have been investigated.
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This paper discusses the case of a Doppler-broadened gas laser with a saturable intracavity absorber gas. The semiclassical equations governing the field intensities and the atomic density-matrix elements are set up. The latter are written as Fourier series, the components of which are shown to obey coupled difference equations. In this paper the exact steady-state solution in single-mode operation is obtained. The lowest approximation (rate-equation approximation) is used to compute detailed characteristics of the system. In particular, the influence of the pumping rates in the two cells are investigated and displayed in the figures. The regions of bistable operation are determined and conditions for the occurrence of an inverted Lamb dip are given. The effect of a slow modulation of the pumping rates is discussed. The range of validity of the lowest approximation is investigated both analytically and numerically. Finally, there is a brief discussion of the influence of pressure on the parameters of the theory.
Based on an analysis of kinetic processes in the continuous-wave (CW) single-wavelength two-photon pumped Rb-vapor laser (Rb-TPAL), a three-dimensional computational model is established using the rate equation. Based on the application of the model to cavity-enhanced Rb-TPAL [Yuanet al.,Optics Express29, 4858 (2021)], the calculated and measured dependences of the laser power on the pump power show good agreement. We simulate the Rb-TPAL pumped by a high-power CW laser diode and analyze the effects of temperature, vapor cell length, pump waist, vapor cell transmission, and output mirror reflectance on the characteristics of the blue laser. The results suggest that the output power and efficiency of blue laser can be improved by optimizing the above parameters; however, the particles in the52D5/25^{2}\text{D}_{5/2}52D5/2​level face difficulty to transition to the62P3/26^{2}\text{P}_{3/2}62P3/2​level, and this limits the further improvement of blue laser efficiency; therefore, an approach is proposed to improve the efficiency of Rb-TPAL. This study can be useful for designing a two-photon pumped alkali metal laser with high-power output.
The authors investigate the optical bistability in an L-band dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser with overlapping cavities. The bistable input-output hysteresis behavior of the two lasing wavelengths evolves in antiphase. The bistable region is tens of milliwatts wide. The bistability is essentially due to the homogeneous saturable absorption of EDF. The cross-gain saturation causes the bistabilities of the two lasing lines to evolve in antiphase with respect to each other. The gain clamping effect helps to widen the bistable region, which may be controlled by the cavity loss and by the EDF length.
Optical bistability of a locked-injected laser diode is analyzed when the frequency of injected light varies with the optical power of injected light, (i. e., frequency chirping) by modifying the rate equations. Using the new equations, we have analyzed the effect of external parameters such as frequency detuning, carrier injection rate, and also internal parameters such as cavity length and cavity refractive index on the steady-state output characteristics of the bistable laser diode. The dynamic response of the bistable laser diode with and without frequency chirping were compared.