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AIP conference proceedings

A quantum device interfacing photons and spins for quantum repeaters

Hideo Kosaka, Takeshi Kutsuwa, K. Arai, Yoshiaki Rikitake, Kanta Ono, Hiroshi Imamura, T. Takagahara, Yasuyoshi Mitsumori, Keiichi Edamatsu

Published Jan 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present experimental and theoretical approach for building a quantum repeater. Device structure for quantum state transfer from a photon to an electron spin was designed, fabricated and evaluated. Light‐hole exciton excitation in GaAs/AlGaAs‐quantum well with near‐zero electron g‐factor showed “negative polarization”, which indicates polarization transfer from a photon to an electron spin. We have also observed dynamic nuclear polarization implying polarization transfer from a photon to a nuclear spin intermediated by an electron spin.

DOI
10.1063/1.2730280

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We present experimental and theoretical approach for building a quantum repeater. Device structure for quantum state transfer from a photon to an electron spin was designed, fabricated and evaluated. Light‐hole exciton excitation in GaAs/AlGaAs‐quantum well with near‐zero electron g‐factor showed “negative polarization”, which indicates polarization transfer from a photon to an electron spin. We have also observed dynamic nuclear polarization implying polarization transfer from a photon to a nuclear spin intermediated by an electron spin.
The authors demonstrate polarization transfer from a photon to an electron spin intermediated by a light-hole exciton in a GaAs∕AlGaAs quantum well, which has an engineered electron g factor of less than 0.01 for an in-plane magnetic field. Negative spin polarization was clearly observed at the selective excitation of the light-hole exciton from two-color time-resolved Kerr rotation. This demonstration is a necessary step towards demonstrating coherence transfer from a photon to an electron spin, which is necessary for building a quantum repeater used for long distance quantum communications.
Quantum information can be stored and manipulated by an electron spin if its state was faithfully transferred from messenger photon qubit. Such a quantum state transfer needs to have a function of conversion from photon polarization to electron spin state and flagging the safe conversion without destroying the spin state. We have achieved single photon response by using a quantum dot as an electron trap and a quantum point contact as a charge sensor on GaAs/AlGaAs-based modulation doped structure. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Photons and electrons are the key quantum media for the quantum information processing based on solid state devices. The essential ingredients to accomplish the quantum repeater were investigated and their underlying physics were revealed. The relevant elementary processes of the quantum state transfer between a single photon and a single electron were analyzed, to clarify the conditions to be satisfied to achieve the high fidelity of the quantum state transfer. An optical method based on the Faraday rotation was proposed to carry out the Bell measurement of two electrons which is a key operation in the entanglement swapping for the quantum repeater and its feasibility was confirmed. Also investigated was the quantum dynamics in the electron-nuclei coupled spin system in quantum dots and a couple of new phenomena were predicted related to the correlations induced by the hyperfine interaction, namely, bunching and revival in the electron spin measurements. These findings will pave the way to accomplish the efficient and robust quantum repeater and nuclear spin quantum memory.