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AIP conference proceedings

Stabilization of Rydberg atoms

Harm Geert Muller, M. P. de Boer

Published Jan 1, 1993• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We discuss stabilization against ionization of Rydberg states at high light intensities. Theoretical considerations are presented concerning the type of state and atom in which this effect is most easily observed. Finally we show the experimental results for stabilization of the 5g‐state in neon, where a two‐fold reduction of the ionization rate is found at high intensity.

DOI
10.1063/1.45050

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Physical Review A•Mar 1, 1997•14 citations
We discuss stabilization against ionization of Rydberg states at high light intensities. Theoretical considerations are presented concerning the type of state and atom in which this effect is most easily observed. Finally we show the experimental results for stabilization of the 5g‐state in neon, where a two‐fold reduction of the ionization rate is found at high intensity.
We describe a detailed account of an experiment demonstrating light-induced stabilization against photoionization. The choice of initial state and atom is discussed in relation to the laser wavelength and laser pulse duration. In combination with a 100-fs, 620-nm probe pulse, the optimum choice is the circular 5g state in neon. A picosecond pump laser was used to prepare this Rydberg state. Initially, the population in this state was probed with a nanosecond laser pulse. Subsequently, the nanosecond probe pulse was replaced by an intense, (sub)picosecond pulse and the photoionization signal was studied. When the probe intensity is several times 1013{10}^{13}1013 W/cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 a decrease in yield with respect to a less intense pulse with the same fluence is observed, which indicates stabilization. The results are in accordance with recent theoretical predictions.
Interference stabilization of Rydberg atoms in a sufficiently strong laser field is revisited. Its main features predicted theoretically and observed experimentally are described together with the newest experimental and theoretical results. The most important new results concern the found efficient population of atomic Rydberg levels in the process of multiphoton ionization and interference stabilization of population at Rydberg levels. Another important new topic is the interference stabilization at vibrational levels of dissociating molecules.
Interference stabilization of atoms is investigated numerically. Raman-type transitions to Rydberg states with higher values of the electron orbital momentum are taken into account. These transitions are shown to change qualitatively theoretical predictions concerning the dependence of the time of ionization on the light-field-strength amplitude : if the weak-field time of ionization, as usual, is a falling function of , in a strong-field region the function is predicted to be more or less constant and of the order of the classical Kepler period in a rather large interval of , in contrast with the earlier prediction according to which, in a strong field, was assumed to be a rather fast growing function. The results derived are shown to be in a rather good agreement with the existing experiments. Alternative theoretical models are discussed.
We show that, when an atom prepared in a high Rydberg state is one-photon ionized by a laser, a near resonance with some lower-lying state permits the formation of a nondecaying dark state of the coupled laser–atom system. This dark state traps population in an amount that increases to some upper limit as the laser radiation used becomes stronger. Thus the dark state formed causes a decrease in the Rydberg-atom ionization with increasing laser intensity, i.e., stabilization, which survives even for long times. This long-time stabilization is described by a simple zero-pole formula, and the physical meaning of the term long time is explained. We estimate, for model situations, the laser frequencies that ensure dark-state formation and maximum ionization suppression. The laser pulse intensity and duration that are required for the observation of the dark state are evaluated.
Interference stabilization of atoms is discussed. Raman-type transitions to Rydberg states with higher values of the electron orbital momentum l are taken into account in numerical calculations. These transitions are shown to change qualitatively theoretical predictions concerning the dependence of the time of ionization ti on the light field-strength amplitude (epsilon) 0: the time of ionization is shown to be a falling function of (epsilon) 0 in the weak-field region and, then, in a rather large interval of (epsilon) 0, to be approximately constant. The results derived are shown to be in a rather good agreement with the existing experiments.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
An analytical study is presented of two models of intense-laser ionization from an isolated initial state via a band of high-Rydberg states in a system which bears many features of the hydrogen atom. The models differ in the way the population from the directly excited Rydberg states can migrate to the states of higher angular momenta. In one of them it migrates via nonresonant and in the other via resonant degenerate Raman coupling. Within these models we draw conclusions about the efficiency of migration, the initial-state lifetime, the redistribution of population, the laser intensities stabilizing the atom against ionization, the effect of the initial state on the threshold stabilizing intensity, as well as about stabilizing mechanisms versus the initial-state choice.