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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Effects of Quantum Noise on Quantum Clock Synchronization

Duan Xie, Jinye Peng

Published Aug 1, 2012• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In laboratory environment, the channel apparatus will generate particular dominant quantum noise. The noise then will give rise to some errors during synchronization. In this work, the accuracies of one qubit transport protocol and entangled states transport protocol in the presence of noise have been studied. With the help of three important and familiar noise models, the quantum noise will degrade the accuracy has been proved. Due to the influence of quantum noise, the accuracy of entangled qubits decrease faster than that of one qubit. The entangled states will improve the accuracy in noise-free channel, and will degrade the accuracy in noise channel.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/58/2/08

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In laboratory environment, the channel apparatus will generate particular dominant quantum noise. The noise then will give rise to some errors during synchronization. In this work, the accuracies of one qubit transport protocol and entangled states transport protocol in the presence of noise have been studied. With the help of three important and familiar noise models, the quantum noise will degrade the accuracy has been proved. Due to the influence of quantum noise, the accuracy of entangled qubits decrease faster than that of one qubit. The entangled states will improve the accuracy in noise-free channel, and will degrade the accuracy in noise channel.
The paper presents the synchronization accuracies of the coherent-transport protocol in the presence of quantum noise. Under the influence of bit flip noise, the accuracy will reduce to the standard quantum limit. When influenced by phase flip and amplitude damping, the accuracies are lower than the standard quantum limit in most cases. By comparison to the performance of the onequbit transport protocol and the entangled-states transport protocol, we found the accuracy of the coherent-transport protocol to be lower than the accuracies of the other two protocols in the presence of phase flip and amplitude damping.
Previous researches show that the quantum clock synchronization can achieve a high accuracy in noise-free channel. However, there is much noise in actual channel. The noise may introduce some errors during synchronization. The paper study the accuracy in two noisy channels: Bit flip channel and Phase flip channel. We find the pollution channel may usually degrade time accuracy. And the accuracy of Phase flip may be worse than accuracy of Bit flip. In some pollution case, quantum clock synchronization does not provide any valuable time information.
Abstract In this paper, we study a quantum clock synchronization for a three observer locating system, using entangled qubits and discuss the effect of the environmental noise on the phase of the system using decoherence theory. We will show that the error on the final result of the clock synchronization can be less than the current classical synchronizations, under suitable circumstances. Finally, with an appropriate modelling of the environment we can correct the error of the synchronization for a more accurate locating.
We investigate the entanglement dynamics of maximum and partial entangled two-qubit states, where each qubit interacts locally with its own noise environment. In the presence of local non-correlated noise, the entangled system loses its entangled properties faster than that depicted for correlated noise. The capacity of the output channel decays gradually and smoothly in the presence of non-correlated noise and hastily for the correlated one. We show that the local non-correlated noise can improve the capacity of the output channel. The possibility of using the output state to perform quantum teleportation is discussed and the effect of the noise parameter on the fidelity of the teleported state is investigated.
The effect of quantum noise on entanglement localization is investigated. We show that the optimal strategy for reducing a multiparticle entangled state to a two-particle one via local measurements in the noise-free case is different from that in a noisy environment, and explore the best von Neumann measurement on one of three qubits of a triple Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state for extracting a two-qubit entangled state in the presence of local amplitude noises. We also demonstrate that the idea of entanglement localization can be utilized to improve the quality of bipartite entanglement distributing through noisy quantum channels. These results might shed a new light on entanglement manipulations and transformations.
Entangled photons are important resources for quantum information. Especially, in quantum cryptography, the polarization entangled photons are highly secured. However, the entanglement of photon can hold in isolated system. In realistic system, the entangled photons inevitably interact with environment. In this work, we study the effect of depolarizing noise on the two general entangled qubits. The entangled photon are prepared with different entangled states and send to the depolarizing channel. We measure the entanglement quality by using concurrence. When the entangled photons interact to the depolarizing noise, the entanglement quality of photons will be degraded, and the concurrence of entangled photons reduces to 0. Moreover, we also apply Hadamard gate to the entangled qubits and send to the depolarizing channel. The Hadamard gate can filter the maximally entangled qubits in the depolarizing channel.