The Linewidth and Hyperfine A Constant of the 2P1/2 State of a Magnesium Ion Confined in a Linear Paul Trap

Jason Nguyen

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations

Abstract

We present and discuss results from a measurement of the hyperfine a constant of the 1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3p^(2)2P1/2 excited state in 25Mg+ and the linewidth of the same state in 24Mg+. We trapped a single ion in a linear Paul trap and laser-cooled it using the 2S1/2 -> 2P3/2 transition (in the case of 25Mg+) and the 2S1/2 -> 2P1/2 transition (in the case of 24Mg+). We optically pumped the ion into the (F=3, mp=±3) ground states and weakly probed it with a tunable fibre laser that was scanned to drive the ion from the ground state to the F'=3 and F'=2 manifolds of the 2P1/2 state. The final state of the ion was determined by counting fluorescence (or the reduction therein) from the 2S1/2 (F=3, mF=±3) -> 2P3/2 (F''=4, m''F=±4) cycling transition with a photomultiplier module. We determined that the hyperfine a constant is 102.16 ± 0.16 MHz and the natural linewidth is 42.4 ± 1.2 MHz.

DOI: 10.71548/22965

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The Linewidth and Hyperfine A Constant of the 2P1/2 State of a Magnesium Ion Confined in a Linear Paul Trap

Jason Nguyen

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.71548/22965

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Precision measurement of the ground-state hyperfine constant for $^9Be^+$ in a linear Paul trap via magnetically insensitive hyperfine transitionsPrecision measurement of the ground-state hyperfine constant for $^9Be^+$ in a linear Paul trap via magnetically insensitive hyperfine transitions

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Precision measurement of the ground-state hyperfine constant for

^9Be^+

in a linear Paul trap via magnetically insensitive hyperfine transitions

Direct measurements of the ground-state magnetically insensitive hyperfine transition |F=2,mF=0>->|F=1,mF=0> of

^9Be^+

ions have been performed using microwave-driven state transfer. The

^9Be^+

ions are confined and laser-cooled in a linear Paul trap, forming a Coulomb crystal. The transition frequencies have been measured over a magnetic field range of $ \pm 0.5 mT $ centered at zero magnetic field, and the acquired data were fitted accounting for the high-order Zeeman effect. The hyperfine constant A is determined to be -625.008840(35) MHz, achieving a relative precision of $ 5.6 \times 10^{-8}$.

We report an experimental determination of the ground-state hyperfine constant

A

of the

^{25}\mathrm{Mg}^{+}

ions by measuring the $|{S}_{1/2},F=2,m=0\ensuremath{\rangle}$ to $|{S}_{1/2},F=3,m=0\ensuremath{\rangle}$ transition (0-0 transition) frequency of the two ground-state hyperfine energy levels. The frequency is measured by rf resonant method in a Paul trap under a magnetic field of about 0.1 mT. The result is $A=\ensuremath{-}596.254$ 248 7(42) MHz. Different frequency shifts and uncertainties are evaluated. The main effect is quadratic Zeeman shift. Since the Paul trap is driven by rf on the electrodes, ac magnetic field can be induced by the rf at the site of the ion. The ac magnetic field causes quadratic Zeeman shift for ion frequency standards and also reduces the coherence time when the ion acts as a quantum bit. Precision measurement of this ac magnetic field can help evaluating the related uncertainty when a single-ion optical clock is established on the trap.

We experimentally demonstrate laser spectroscopy of the electric-quadrupole transition

6s{}^{2}{S}_{1/2}--5d{}^{2}{D}_{3/2}

of a single trapped

{}^{171}\mathrm{Yb}

ion. The probed transition has a natural linewidth of 3.1 Hz, and is at a wavelength of 435.5 nm. A

{}^{171}\mathrm{Yb}

ion is laser cooled to the range of the Doppler limit in a radio-frequency Paul trap. The $F=0--{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}=2,$ ${m}_{{F}^{\ensuremath{'}}}=0$ hyperfine component of the

{}^{2}{S}_{1/2}{--}^{2}{D}_{3/2}

transition is excited by a laser source whose frequency is controlled by an optical reference cavity of high intrinsic stability. The recoilless carrier component of the vibrational sideband spectrum is resolved with a minimum linewidth of approximately 80 Hz, corresponding to a fractional frequency resolution of $1.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}.$ This resolution limit is attributed to laser frequency instability. The effective decoherence rates of the residual ion motion are inferred from the observation that the axial and two radial low-frequency first-order secular-vibration sidebands show minimum linewidths in the range of 0.2--1 kHz. Prospects for an optical frequency standard based on the investigated atomic system are discussed.

The hyperfine structure of the ${}^{2}{S}_{1/2}{\ensuremath{-}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ quadrupole transition at 674 nm in

{}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}

has been observed. The ion was confined in a Paul trap and cooled using laser radiation at 422 and 1092 nm. The quadrupole transition was observed by monitoring quantum jumps in the 422-nm fluorescence. The odd isotope of strontium has ``clock'' transitions independent of the first-order Zeeman shift and the

{}^{2}{D}_{5/2}

state hyperfine structure constants have been determined as

{A}_{{D}_{5/2}}=2.1743(14)\mathrm{MHz}

and

{B}_{{D}_{5/2}}=49.11(6)\mathrm{MHz}.

Standard uncertainties have been added in parentheses. These values allow the second-order Zeeman shifts to be calculated. The ${}^{88}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$ isotope shift for the 674-nm quadrupole transition has been measured to be 247.99(4) MHz.