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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)

All-optical data rate conversion using coherent transient interactions

R. Krishna Mohan, Mikael Afzelius, X. Wang, Nicklas Ohlsson, Stefan Kröll

Published Nov 11, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. Using photon echo processes a range of all-optical signal processing operations can be performed in inhomogeneously broadened materials. For example, all-optical devices for communication, such as optical bit-rate converters and routers and optical data storage devices and erasable memories with storage densities in the range of terabits/cm/sup 2/ have been proposed based on photon echo processes in rare-earth-ion-doped crystals.

DOI
10.1109/cleoe.2000.910252

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Summary form only given. Using photon echo processes a range of all-optical signal processing operations can be performed in inhomogeneously broadened materials. For example, all-optical devices for communication, such as optical bit-rate converters and routers and optical data storage devices and erasable memories with storage densities in the range of terabits/cm/sup 2/ have been proposed based on photon echo processes in rare-earth-ion-doped crystals.
The diffraction-limited spot size of a focused laser beam puts an upper boundary on the storage densities in conventional optical data storage. This can be overcome by storing multiple bits of data in each spatial location. In materials with an inhomogeneously broadened absorption line, such as crystals doped with rare-earth ions, frequency can be used as an additional addressing dimension. In some materials the number of spectral channels can be as high as 107. Spectral data storage can be done using coherent transient interactions between light and atoms and can be described in terms of photon echo processes. In this Master's Project the swept-carrier time-domain (SCTD) approach, a hybrid between frequency- and time-domain approaches, is used. An overview of the theory is given, followed by a description ofthe set-up and equipment. A maximum of 330 bits of data have been stored in one spatial location. The necessary conditions for successful storage and retrieval of data have been examined and suggestions are given on how to extend the results further.
Principles and schemes of optical information processing, transmission and storage based on the ultra-short laser impulses' interaction with doped rare-earth ions' crystals are considered. Nonlinear optical effect as a photon echo is discussed. This effect is widely used for the investigation of kinetic processing involving the relaxation of elementary excitations in solids. Possibility of parallel processing of large data arrays in the form of two and three dimensional images and flexibility in controlling data flows are represented. ARchitecture of the various photon echo digital operation, including laser digital vector and matrix-vector multiplication are analyzed. Advantages of optical coherent phenomena for quantum computing are discussed.
Spectral hole burning and photon echoes are the techniques for frequency-selective optical memories, which have the potential to increase areal data storage density by a factor 10**7. They also have the capability to perform in-memory data processing. In this thesis, several materials and techniques for optical memories in the frequency- and time domain have been investigated. In the frequency domain, ways to increase the storage density and the working temperature were studied using photon-gated spectral hole burning materials of the metal-tetrabenzoporphyrin derivatives. A selection rule for the electron acceptors in the donor-acceptor electron transfer systems was deduced. By doping the material with two different donors a maximum inhomogeneous line width of more than 30 THz was achieved. A polarization holographic technique was established for the formation and detection of spectral holes. Our results indicate that this technique can provide a better signal-to-noise ratio than that achieved by a conventional holographic technique, in particular for samples of poor optical quality. In the time domain, magnetic field-induced and the intensity-induced dephasing processes were studied in Pr3+ doped in a YAlO3 crystal and a Y2SiO5 crystal, respectively. As a step along the route to make photon echo based optical processing possible, the amplification of photon echo signals by the use of a fiber amplifier (Pr3+-doped ZBLAN) was demonstrated. A gain of 45 was achieved. The erasure of stored data using photon echoes has also been investigated. A technique to diagnose the phase and frequency stability of a light source by the photon echo erasure process was proposed and illustrated. An approach to bit-selective data erasure, that is free from laser phase and frequency fluctuations, is also suggested. A concept for an arbitrary shape pulse generator based on photon echoes and hole-burning was experimentally and theoretically studied. Finally, a comparison between the properties and capabilities of spectral hole burning and photon echoes was made.