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[Conference Digest] International Conference on Millimeter Wave and Far-Infrared Technology: ICMWFT '90

Josephson internal oscillation-mixing in YBCO superconducting weak link at liquid nitrogen temperatures

Jiming Song, Qiheng Cheng, Dong Jing, Peiheng Wu, Senzu Yang, Jian Chen, Huai-Xian Luo, J.S. Kui

Published Aug 25, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Using a superconducting weak link (bridge) made of YBCO, we have successfully demonstrated the internal oscillation-mixing at either X or Ka band.
DOI
10.1109/icmwft.1989.763757

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Using a superconducting weak link (bridge) made of YBCO, the authors have successfully observed Josephson harmonic mixing between a local oscillation (LO) at X band and a signal at Ka band. Specifically, fourth-order harmonic mixing between 35.47 GHz and 8.843 GHz was observed. For a given signal level, the IF (intermediate frequency) responses depended strongly on both LO level and DC voltage bias across the junction. For zero bias, there is still IF output which is characteristic of even-order harmonic mixing. When the LO power level is such that the zero voltage current is suppressed to the second zero, the IF responses are maximum if the junction is biased between the zeroth and first steps induced by the LO. Also studied is the internal oscillation-mixing. An incoming signal at either X or Ka band gives rise to IF signal peaks if the junction is biased at voltages such that the corresponding internal Josephson frequencies are equal to, or harmonics of, the incoming signal frequency.>
The internal oscillation-mixing in TlBaCaCuO thin-film microbridge junctions has been studied at liquid nitrogen temperature. The TlBaCaCuO thin-film microbridge junctions were fabricated by the wet-etching technique. As TlBaCaCuO superconducting material is very sensitive to magnetic fields. It is crucial to use a magnetic shielding system in the experiments. In the presence of a magnetic shielding system, the authors obtained a -37 dB mW sensitivity for a TlBaCaCuO Josephson internal oscillator-mixer which is close to that of a YBaCuO Josephson internal oscillator-mixer.
When a signal at the nominal frequency of 76 GHz and a local oscillation (LO) at the frequency of a few gigahertz were both applied to a YBa2Cu3O7−y weak link immersed in liquid nitrogen, the former mixed with the harmonics of the latter giving rise to output at the intermediate frequency (IF) of about 150 MHz. The highest observed harmonic number was 51. Without exhaustive effort to optimize, the typical IF output power referred to the mixer output ranged between −103 and −112 dbm while the IF signal-to-noise ratio ranged between 16 and 4 db, depending strongly on the local oscillation power, the dc bias current, and the signal power. Reported in this letter are the experimental details as well as the requirements for a superconducting weak link to be a harmonic mixer.
We report here numerical calculations on the properties of superconducting weak links as mixers with external local oscillators (LO). Our calculations are based on the resistively shunted-junction model. We assume that the LO and the signal are ideal current sources of amplitudes ILO and IS and of frequencies ωLO and ωs, respectively. We calculate the IF voltage across the weak link as a function of the bias current, the LO current amplitude ILO, and the normalized signal frequency Ωs = ħωs/(2 e Ic R), where Ic is the critical current and R is the shunt resistance. If ωIF/ωLO and Is/Ic are small, we find a linear IF response. Using this method we find the frequency dependence of the IF response, estimate the conversion efficiency for the matched case in both the absence and the presence of noise, and calculate the required LO power. We have fabricated thin-film constrictions by using electron lithography. We have made constrictions of indium films with thicknesses of ~ 1 200 A with widths as narrow as 2 000 A and lengths as short as 1 000 A and have studied their I-V characteristics in the presence of RF radiation and measured their X-band mixing properties. We have measured an NEP of 10-13 W/Hz1/2 and a dynamic range of 23 dB (3 dB deviation from linearity) and estimate that, with optimum matching, these would become 3 × 10-18 W/Hz1/2 and 74 dB, respectively.