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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

High-speed Spectroholographic Parallel Digital Optical Memory

Xiao A. Shen, A.D. Nguyen, John Weir Perry, David L. Huestis, Ravinder Kachru

Published Aug 24, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Page-oriented optical memories have shown promising potential for fast data transfer rate and short data access time. Parallel optical storage and retrieval has been performed in photorefractive and persistent spectral hole burning materials.1,2
DOI
10.1109/cleo.1997.602196

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One of the most attractive features of an optical memory is its ability to write and read data in a bit-parallel format, giving rise to theoretically very high (in excess of 1 Gbps) data transfer rates. However, such a potential has not been demonstrated experimentally because of various inherent technical difficulties associated with existing optical storage techniques. In a photorefractive or a persistent spectral hole-burning (PSHB) memory, for example, the time required to record one page varies from a fraction of a second to several seconds.1-3 For a page containing 1000 × 1000 bits of data, it translates to a bandwidth of approximately 1 Mbps, substantially slower than any existing semiconductor memories.
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One of the unique and perhaps the most attractive features of an optical memory is its ability to store and retrieve information in a bit-parallel format.1-3 Recently, we have proposed a new scheme for parallel data storage in TDOM.4,5 This scheme was proven to be practical and can be implemented with existing technologies. In a proof-of-principle experiment, four wavelength-multiplexed single-page volume spectral holograms, generated with black-and-white transparencies, were successfully stored in a single spatial location at a speed of approximately 23 μs/frame. The experimental results project system's input/output bandwidth to exceed 40 Gbps, two orders of magnitude faster than a semiconductor cache memory.
Optical devices have been slower to mature than those based purely on electronics. Yet optical interactions offer a number of unique capabilities expected to support entirely new classes of devices-devices offering unprecedented performance in communications, computing, and data storage applications. In the present work, optical devices based on the interaction of light with frequency-selective recording materials are discussed. A frequency-selective recording material has the capability of supporting multiple independent recording channels. Each channel is addressed by light within a specific narrow band of optical frequencies. In some materials, operative at cryogenic temperatures, millions of distinct spectral channels are available. Through the mechanism of persistent spectral hole-burning, light can be employed to transiently or even permanently modify the absorptive or dispersive properties of the recording material within a selected channel. Such modifications provide a means of recording multiple bits of optical information within single spatial locations. Spectral multiplexing of information has clear potential in information storage systems. Less obviously, the ability to spectrally encode information provides an enabling basis for ultrahigh speed, content-controlled, all-optical switching devices operable at data speeds up to the Terabit/sec level.
Persistent spectral hole-burning and photon echoes can provide insight into the dynamics of amorphous and crystalline materials on the molecular/atomic level. Part of the current interest in these methods, however, is also caused by the existence of potential applications in optical data storage and processing. At present it may be difficult to specify exactly at what applications these techniques should try to target but, based on current research efforts and results, it appears that persistent spectral hole burning is a possible candidate for high density, possibly long time, volumetric storage, while photon echoes have properties more attractive for short time storage or storage connected to processing applications.