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Joint International Symposium on Optical Memory and Optical Data Storage

Optical Data Storage Using Persistent Spectral Hole Burning

Eric S. Maniloff, Stefan B. Altner, Stefan Bernet, Alois Renn, Urs P. Wild

Published Jan 1, 1993• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The use of holography is attractive for optical data storage due to its poten­tial for implementing page oriented data storage systems. However, multiplexed recording using Bragg selective materials has not provided a large enough stor­age capability to justify the expense of these systems. Persistent spectral hole burning holography allows multiplexed recording using much smaller wavelength separations between the holograms, and hence dramatically increases the storage capacity possible in holographic memory systems [1]. A comparison between the wavelength selectivity obtained for transmission gratings recorded using hole burning in a dye doped polymer film versus Bragg selectivity in a 1 cm thick iron-doped lithium niobate crystal is shown in Fig. (1).

DOI
10.1109/omods.1993.696734

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The use of holography is attractive for optical data storage due to its poten­tial for implementing page oriented data storage systems. However, multiplexed recording using Bragg selective materials has not provided a large enough stor­age capability to justify the expense of these systems. Persistent spectral hole burning holography allows multiplexed recording using much smaller wavelength separations between the holograms, and hence dramatically increases the storage capacity possible in holographic memory systems [1]. A comparison between the wavelength selectivity obtained for transmission gratings recorded using hole burning in a dye doped polymer film versus Bragg selectivity in a 1 cm thick iron-doped lithium niobate crystal is shown in Fig. (1).
Persistent spectral hole burning (PSHB) in organic molecules doped in a polymer matrix at low temperatures allows optical recording of information in the dimensions of frequency and time, as well as in space and externally applied electric field. We use this special property to demonstrate new types of holograms, which extend conventional spatial-domain optical data storage into the new dimensions. Basic aspects of recording and playback of holograms by persistent spectral hole burning, including relation between frequency- and time-domain response function, is discussed. This paper is elucidating inherent relations between the time- and frequency-domain versions of PSHB holography. We show that by multiplexing holograms in the frequency dimension, we can store a large number (up to 12 000) of image holograms using a single spectral hole burning sample. In the time domain, we show storage and reproduction of ultrashort time-space images on the scale of 10 -12 −10 -13 s. Experiments demonstrating unusual hologram properties, such as causality-related asymmetry of diffraction, inversion of time coordinate, and ultrafast processing, are presented.
One of the most attractive features of an optical memory is its ability to write and read data in a bit-parallel format, giving rise to theoretically very high (in excess of 1 Gbps) data transfer rates. However, such a potential has not been demonstrated experimentally because of various inherent technical difficulties associated with existing optical storage techniques. In a photorefractive or a persistent spectral hole-burning (PSHB) memory, for example, the time required to record one page varies from a fraction of a second to several seconds.1-3 For a page containing 1000 × 1000 bits of data, it translates to a bandwidth of approximately 1 Mbps, substantially slower than any existing semiconductor memories.
Time-and-space-domain holography [1,2] can be regarded as an extension of a conventional holographic process, where, in addition to the spatial image, the hologram plays back the time dependence of an event. The play-back of events is possible because we are using highly frequency-selective inhomogeneously broadened absorbers as recording material. This technique has a variety of potential applications in optical data storage and processing. In the present paper we consider the basic physical principle of time-and-space-domain storage in frequency-selective materials which exploit the effect of spectral hole burning [3]. In particular we will show that organic dye-doped spectral hole burning materials allow recording and playback of pi- co- and femtosecond time-scale events.
The properties of holographic recording and detection of spectral holes in the frequency and electric-field dimension are investigated. To optimize the storage properties of optical memory devices, based on spectral hole burning and holography, cross-talk effects between adjacent holograms have to be minimized. These interactions depend on the relative phases of the holograms chosen during the recording stage. Using free-base chlorin (2,3-dihydroporphyrin) in polyvinyl butyral as host at a temperature of 1.7 K, the influence of the relative phase difference between holograms is demonstrated in both the frequency and the electric-field dimension. Experimental results are presented for rows and columns of holograms stored either in the laser frequency or the electric-field dimension and compared to transmission data. Using both dimensions a 10 x 10 matrix of holograms has been stored within the range of a single wave number.