Quantum generalizations of conventional games broaden the range of available strategies, which can help improve outcomes for the participants. With many players, such quantum games can involve entanglement among many states which is difficult to implement, especially if the states must be communicated over some distance. This paper describes a quantum mechanism for the economically significant $n$ -player public goods game that requires only two-particle entanglement and is thus much easier to implement than more general quantum mechanisms. In spite of the large temptation to free ride on the efforts of others in this game, two-particle entanglement is sufficient to give near optimal expected payoff when players use a simple mixed strategy for which no player can benefit by making different choices. This mechanism can also address some heterogeneous preferences among the players.Quantum generalizations of conventional games broaden the range of available strategies, which can help improve outcomes for the participants. With many players, such quantum games can involve entanglement among many states which is difficult to implement, especially if the states must be communicated over some distance. This paper describes a quantum mechanism for the economically significant $n$-player public goods game that requires only two-particle entanglement and is thus much easier to implement than more general quantum mechanisms. In spite of the large temptation to free ride on the efforts of others in this game, two-particle entanglement is sufficient to give near optimal expected payoff when players use a simple mixed strategy for which no player can benefit by making different choices. This mechanism can also address some heterogeneous preferences among the players.

arXiv:quant-ph/0301013Jan 6, 20034 citations

Quantum Economics

Christian Aspalter

Edward Elgar Publishing eBooksOct 21, 20256 citations

The Quantum Principle of Public Policy

Fadi Farra, Christopher A. Pissarides

Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooksAug 26, 20230 citations

Quantum games and economics through teleportation

Kazuki Ikeda

Abstract Quantum Information Science and Technology (QIST) is reshaping computing and communication, with wide-ranging implications for economics, from market structures to strategic decision-making. Building on these breakthroughs, this paper bridges quantum concepts and economics through Quantum Energy Teleportation (QET)—a protocol enabling energy transfer as a quantum commodity among multiple agents. By incorporating superposition, entanglement, and measurement into classical economic models, we derive new game-theoretic strategies and equilibria unreachable in purely classical frameworks. We delve into monopoly, location games, contestable markets, perfect competition, and duopoly, introducing quantum variations of traditional Bertrand and Cournot models. Moreover, we address moral hazard, free-riding, and other public-goods challenges through a quantum lens, unveiling unconventional strategies that transcend classical limits. Building on these insights, we incorporate entangled resources into matching theory, opening up entirely new possibilities for achieving stable and optimal allocations. These findings foreshadow a nascent field of Quantum Information Economics . JEL Codes: C79, D82, D86, E26, L11, P28Abstract Quantum Information Science and Technology (QIST) is reshaping computing and communication, with wide-ranging implications for economics, from market structures to strategic decision-making. Building on these breakthroughs, this paper bridges quantum concepts and economics through Quantum Energy Teleportation (QET)—a protocol enabling energy transfer as a quantum commodity among multiple agents. By incorporating superposition, entanglement, and measurement into classical economic models, we derive new game-theoretic strategies and equilibria unreachable in purely classical frameworks. We delve into monopoly, location games, contestable markets, perfect competition, and duopoly, introducing quantum variations of traditional Bertrand and Cournot models. Moreover, we address moral hazard, free-riding, and other public-goods challenges through a quantum lens, unveiling unconventional strategies that transcend classical limits. Building on these insights, we incorporate entangled resources into matching theory, opening up entirely new possibilities for achieving stable and optimal allocations. These findings foreshadow a nascent field of Quantum Information Economics . JEL Codes: C79, D82, D86, E26, L11, P28

Quantum Information ProcessingOct 3, 20267 citations

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-player public goods game that requires only two-particle entanglement and is thus much easier to implement than more general quantum mechanisms. In spite of the large temptation to free ride on the efforts of others in this game, two-particle entanglement is sufficient to give near optimal expected payoff when players use a simple mixed strategy for which no player can benefit by making different choices. This mechanism can also address some heterogeneous preferences among the players.