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Chinese Physics B

Role of incoherent pumping and Er 3+ ion concentration on subluminal and superluminal light propagation in Er 3+ -doped YAG crystal

Seyyed Hossein Asadpour, HAMID RAHIMPOUR SOLEIMANI

Published Jan 1, 2015• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the absorption-dispersion process and group index of weak probe field in a four-level Er 3+ :YAG crystal. We find that the Er 3+ ion concentration and incoherent pumping field can influence the absorption-dispersion process and group index of weak probe field. Moreover, our results show that Er 3+ ion concentration plays a major role in lasing without inversion and absorption with inversion.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/24/1/014204

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We study the absorption-dispersion process and group index of weak probe field in a four-level Er 3+ :YAG crystal. We find that the Er 3+ ion concentration and incoherent pumping field can influence the absorption-dispersion process and group index of weak probe field. Moreover, our results show that Er 3+ ion concentration plays a major role in lasing without inversion and absorption with inversion.
A four-level system is proposed to produce large index of refraction accompanied by vanishing absorption in the Er 3+ -doped yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) crystal. It is found that the high index of refraction with zero absorption can be provided by adjusting the incoherent pumping, the coherent field, as well as the concentration of Er 3+ ions in the crystal. Furthermore, the value of the incoherent pump to achieve the high index of refraction with zero absorption is greatly changed with increasing the concentration of Er 3+ ions in the crystal. This indicates that the effect of concentration on the high index of refraction with zero absorption cannot be neglected.
The effect of Er[Formula: see text] ion concentration and incoherent pumping field on the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of the transmitted light beam in Er[Formula: see text]: YAG crystal is discussed. It is shown that under different concentration of Er[Formula: see text] ion in crystal, the energy of the probe light can transfer to the higher orders of the grating. Also, it is shown that the switching from electromagnetically induced grating to electromagnetically induced phase gratin or vice versa can be obtained by different concentration of Er[Formula: see text] ion and incoherent pumping rate in crystal. Moreover, we have found that by replacing the probe light by optical vortex light, the asymmetric diffraction pattern can be obtained by tuning the optical vorticity of optical vortex light. In this case, the asymmetric diffraction pattern can also be controlled at different ion concentration.
A simple three-level system is proposed to produce high index of refraction with zero absorption in an Er 3+ -doped yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) crystal, which is achieved for a probe field between the excited state 4 I 13/2 and ground state 4 I 15/2 by adjusting a strong coherent driving field between the upper excited state 4 I 11/2 and 4 I 15/2 . It is found that the changes of the frequency of the coherent driving field and the concentration of Er 3+ ions in the YAG crystal can maximize the index of refraction accompanied by vanishing absorption. This result could be useful for the dispersion compensation in fibre communication, laser particle acceleration, high precision magnetometry and so on.